3.6 Respiratory II

Question 1

Tidal volume

Answer 1

What you actually use, what you breathe in and out normally (500mls)

Question 2

Vital capacity

Answer 2

What you could use (4500-5000 mls)

Question 3

Alveolar ventilation

Answer 3

Estimate of gas exchanged in the alveoli, subtracts off dead space (VD) (volume of non-exchange airways)

Question 4

AV =

Answer 4

Respiratory rate (RR) x (Tidal volume - Dead space volume)

Question 5

What (in brain) regulates ventilation?

Answer 5

The respiratory center

Question 6

Exercise… ↑ pCO2  ↓ plasma pH  –>

central & peripheral chemoreceptors send afferent signals to the…

Answer 6

Medullary respiratory center

Question 7

Medullary Respiratory Center

Answer 7

Controls alveolar ventilation by impacting breathing rate (RR) and depth (TV)

Question 8

Medullary respiratory system talks to… (Effectors)

Answer 8

1) Diaphragm: contraction force increases volume of thoracic cavity
2) Intercostal muscles: Expand / contract rib cage, expands volume

Question 9

When the body fails to match alveolar ventilation to tissue metabolism…

Answer 9

• Hypoventilation

- Hyperventilation

Question 10

Hypoventilation of the alveolar space leads to..

Answer 10

Respiratory acidosis

Question 11

Respiratory acidosis

Answer 11

A decrease in AV (Alveolar ventilation) that results in an increase of plasma CO2 (Above normal), causes decrease in pH

Question 12

Hyperventilation in the alveolar space leads to…

Answer 12

Respiratory Alkalosis

Question 13

Respiratory alkalosis

Answer 13

Increase in AV that results in a decrease in plasma CO2, basic blood

Question 14

Alveolar ventilation must…

Answer 14

Match metabolic rate to keep blood pH constant