3.2.1. Drugs and Doping Flashcards
Definition of ethics
The rules of behaviour that dictate an individual’s conduct e.g. playing by the rules and in spirit of game
Definition of deviance
Any behaviour that deviates from the norms of society
Examples of legal supplements
- creatine
- vitamins and minerals
- caffeine
- sports drinks and gels
- bicarbonate nitrates
Examples of illegal supplements
- EPO
- anabolic steroids
- blood transfusions
- peptide hormones
- stimulants
- beta blockers
Advantages of legal supplements
+ no punishment
+ safer than PEDs
+ can improve performance -> increased endurance, help rehydrate, speed up muscle growth and aid recovery
Disadvantages of legal supplements
- less effective than PEDs
- side effects still evident -> energy drinks= tooth decay
- some legal supplements have been found to have banned supplements in them
What do anabolic steroids do?
enable athlete to train harder and for longer, and often increase strength and aggression
What do beta blockers do?
help control HR and keep the athlete calm
What do stimulants do?
increase alertness for sports performance, for example amphetamines
Social reasons for doping and illegal drugs
- win at all costs
- pressure from coaches
- everyone else is doing it
- political pressure
Physiological reason for doping and illegal drugs
Increases performance e.g. increased strength using anabolic steroids
Personal reason for doping and illegal drugs
High monetary reward for winning and lucrative sponsorship deals
Consequences of drugs and doping on sport
- law/ ethics of sport are broken
- false/ meaningless results and records
- sport becomes tainted
- loss of sponsorships
Consequences of drugs and doping on performer
- psychological damage
- banned/ stripped of medals/ loss of sponsorship
- severe dangers to health and wellbeing
Consequences of drugs and doping on society
- promotes win at all costs society
- poor role modelling
What have WADA done to prevent doping and why hasn’t it worked?
Coordinate fight against doping
Win at all costs attitude still remains
What do lifetime bans do and why haven’t they worked?
To act as a deterrent
Court for Arbitration in sport overturns life bans
How does education prevent doping in sport?
Drug education for performers:
UKAD initiatives
- 100% me
- protect your sport
- clean sport advisor
- clean sport week
What are the three testing techniques to prevent doping and why haven’t they worked?
- ADAMS initiative: testing in and out of competition, knowing athletes whereabouts 2 hours a day -> athletes can miss 2 tests without punishment
- Retrospective testing: blood and urine samples stored in WADA labs and returned at a later date -> cheated athletes loss sponsorship, delayed medals
- Biological passports: to test for abnormalities -> undetectable drugs e.g. THG in 1990s
How does counter culture prevent doping?
Allow athletes doping to compete in a separate Olympics
Strategies to prevent doping:
D- drug free culture created via education programmes and role models
O- organisations involved in drug detection
P- punishments need to be harsher to act as deterrents
I- investment required into new testing
N- name and shame negative role models
G- guilty individuals lose sponsorship
