3.2: Biomechanical Movement Flashcards

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1
Q

study of anatomy, physiology and mechanics of human movement (human kenetics)

A

Kinesiology

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2
Q

scientific study of life and living matter (including structure and function)

A

Biology

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3
Q

Branch of biomechanics that specifically studies the time taken to carry out an activity

A

Kinematics

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4
Q

Kinesiology applied to the biological function of human movement, focuses on the effects of the “forces of life”, external and internal, on human mechanics

A

Biomechanics

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5
Q

movement away from the body or midline

A

Abduction

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6
Q

movement toward the body or midline

A

Adduction

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7
Q

bending of a joint that decreases the angle

A

Flexion

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8
Q

straightening of a joint that increases the angle

A

Extension

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9
Q

motion of a circular movement (uses ball and socket joint)

A

Circumduction

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10
Q

2 types of movement:
1) movement of the body part about its axis turning inward or toward the center/midline of the body
2) movement of the body part turning outward to away from the center/midline

A

internal and external rotation

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11
Q

forward (anterior) movement of a scapula

A

Protraction or scapular abduction

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12
Q

backward (posterior) movement of scapula

A

Retraction or scapular adduction

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13
Q

Extension that is less than normal, under extended

A

Hypoextension

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14
Q

Extension beyond normal limits, over extended

A

Hyperextension

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15
Q

Movement of non-angular joints over each other

A

Gliding

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16
Q

Departure from the midline

A

Deviation

17
Q

palm of hand turning downward into posterior position

A

Pronation

18
Q

Palm of hand turning upward into anterior position

A

Supination

19
Q

Turning both feet inward so soles face each other

A

Inversion

20
Q

Turning both feet outward to soles face away

A

Eversion

21
Q

(ankle) pointing foot up towards the shin

A

Dorsiflexion

22
Q

(ankle) pointing foot downward

A

Plantar flexion

23
Q

What are the 4 main types of muscle contractions?

A

Isometric, Isokinetic, isotonic concentric, isotonic eccentric

24
Q

contraction where the load of the muscle is greater than the generated tension. Tension is developed but no mechanical work is done.

A

Isometric

25
Q

contraction where the muscle contracts and shortens at a constant rate of speed allowing the muscle to gain strength EVENLY through the entire ROM. (Needs special equipment that knows to increase/decrease load for even tension)

A

Isokinetic

26
Q

simple contraction where the load on the muscle is less than the generated tension resulting in movement taking place

A

Isotonic

27
Q

causes muscle belly to decrease/shorten in length, angle at joint to decrease

A

Isotonic Concentric

28
Q

causes muscle belly to increase/lengthen, angle at joint increase (voluntary or involuntary)

A

Isotonic Eccentric