31/32. Acute, Subacute and Chronic Pain + Neuroplastic approaches Flashcards
For headache and chronic pain what psychological innterventions have had long success
biofeedback and relaxation training (as well as CBT)
General advice to deal with chronic pain/interventuons
–Encouraging healthy behaviors such as adequate sleep, a moderate physical activity when possible and healthy diets is also an important part of managing chronic pain and because pain is more severe when people are under stress
— Stress management, combined with CBT, is often effective for reducing many types of pain, including that stemming from arthritis
— These treatments also some positive effects on the overall physical impairment associated with arthritis
What is a successful way to maanage phantom limb pain
graded motor imagery- pts imagine performing motor movements in their missing limb, using visual cues provided by mirrors
what is the new views on psychosomatic disorders (3)
- Most of the disorders thought to be psychosomatic are now understood to be primarily structural or pathology
- Fewer psychosomatic disorders exist as a result of improvements in standards are living and decrease in number of stress events
- PPDs continue to exist but manifestations have chnaged
What are psychophysiological disorder
Physical symptoms that are caused solely by psychological processes in absence of any pathological disease process
–No clear evidence for tissue disease processes in the body
what are learned nerve pathways
some findings have argued that emotional events trigger the subconscious mind to create a physical reaction in the body prior to being recognized
=nerve pathways can be the cause of pain and other physical symptoms
What are the 2 primary mechanisms for development of psychophysiological
- when physical injury occurs, a pain pathway in the brain and body is created (these pathways can be activated later in life by a secondary injury or emotionally charged event)
- An emotionally traumatic event can directly cause physical symptoms to emerge just as it can cause the expression of strong emotion
when is an emotional charged thing more likely to trigger psychophysiological disorders
When the situation mirrors or activates emotional memories
What part of the brain does emotional and physical injuries activate
the same!
What is the general 4 step program to understand and resolve symptoms caused by psychophysiological disorders (PPD)
- education
- emotionally based tx
- Behaviour based therapy
- Lifestyle changes
The is the proper pt narrative of PPD
“I’ve had a difficult life, I’ve had bad breaks, and those occurrences have led to the development of symptoms of PPD. But now I know that this problem is curable, that I am healthy and able to heal, and that I am the one who will be primarily responsible for this healing.”
What are the 3 attributes necessary for building a proper narrative in PPD
- Iderstanding the condition
- Belief- conviction that this understanding represents the truth about the condition
- Self efficacy- condfidence that the imdv represents the truth about the condition
What are the aspects of emotionally based Tx
Langerian mindfulness
Addressing root problems
emotion based therapy
what is langerian mindfulness
process of paying attention on purpose to the present moment, of being aware of novelty in situations or experiences and perching differences in contexts and events
What is the most effective coping method for PPD
CBT
