3.1

Question 1

What is a niche?

Answer 1

Both the biotic and abiotic resources that a species uses

Question 2

What is the difference between a fundamental niche and a realized niche?

Answer 2

A fundamental niche is the total niche in which there is no competition. A realized niche is a niche with competition taken into account.

Question 3

What is mutualism?

Answer 3

When two species both benefit from each other in an interaction (+/+)

Question 4

What is commensalism?

Answer 4

When one species benefits and the other neither gains nor loses anything in an interaction (+/0)

Question 5

What is parasitism?

Answer 5

When one species benefits from the other through feeding from the species, overall harming the other species in an interaction (+/-)

Question 6

What is predation?

Answer 6

When one species benefits from the other through attacking and possibly killing the other species in an interaction (+/-)

Question 7

What is herbivory?

Answer 7

When one species benefits from the other species, presumably a form of plant, by eating it in an interaction (+/-)

Question 8

What is the difference between facultative and obligatory interaction?

Answer 8

Facultative: When a species gains a benefit from the other, but can survive without it.

Obligatory: When both species are entirely dependent on each other.

Question 9

What would happen if the niches of two different species overlapped a little bit? A lot?

Answer 9

The species would be in competition, growing more and more competitive as the niches overlap.

Question 10

How does niche partitioning help with biodiversity of a community? List a few ways that species can partition their niches.

Answer 10

Niche partitioning helps with bio diversity as there is little to no competition when niches are partitioned, thus promoting species growth.
A few ways a niche can partition are through times of day, diet, and areas where species inhabit.

Question 11

Compare and contrast the different interspecies interactions. Give an example of each type.

Answer 11

Competition (-/-): An elk and white-tailed-deer who eat the same type of food in the same area.

Mutualism (+/+): A bee which took nectar from a flower than pollenized the same flower

Commensalism (+/0): Green lichen which grows on trees uses the trees as a habitat. The trees are unaffected.

Predation/Herbivoty/Parasitism (+/-): A zebra is hunted and killed by a pack of cheetas.