5.4 Flashcards
Cohesion
Bonding between H2O molecules
Adhesion
Bonding between H2O and other substances
Solvent
Dissolve solutes (creating solutions)
Specific Heat
The amount of energy it takes to heat up 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree celcius
Heat of Vaporization
The energy it takes for 1 gram of water to evaporate
Concentration
The amount of a solvent in a solution
pH
A measurement of [H3O+] in a substance on a logarithmic scale
pOH
A measurement of [OH-] in a substance on a logarithmic scale
Hydroxide ion
OH-
Hydronium ion
H3O+
Acid
A substance with a pH < 7
Base
A substance with a pH > 7
What are the five properties of water?
- Cohesion and adhesion
- Good solvent
- Less dense in its solid form
- High specific heat
- High heat of vaporization
How does water’s polarity give it these properties?
Since water is polar, it can create hydrogen bonds. Thus, it can bond with itself, creating cohesion. This also lets be a good solvent to nonpolar molecules.
Example of how these properties are useful for life?
One examples is in trees, in which the main way they get water transported to the tall branches is through adhesion and cohesion.
What is pH of a substance with an [H3O+] concentration of 1*10^-7
pH = 7
[OH-] = 1*10^-7
pOH = 7
What kind of solution is a substance with a pH of 11
A base
Solution A: pH = 11
Solution B: pH = 3
Compare the two solutions’ [H3O+] and [OH-]
Solution A has a much higher concentration of [OH-] than [H3O+] and solution B has a much higher concentration of [H3O+] than [OH-]
Compared together, solution A is much more basic than solution B, meaning that solution A has much more [OH-] than solution B and that solution B has much more [H3O+] than solution A.
