3.1 Flashcards
What is the difference between sensation and perception?
Sensation is raw data, information that we receivefrom our five senses, information comes for a person’s sensory receptors. Perception is the process ofinterpreting the information that is obtained through a person’s five senses
Gestalt’s 1st Principle
Figure And Ground
Description:
Example
Description: The tendency of the visual system to simplify what it sees into two categories(Figures = objects of focus / ground= background)
Example:When talking with a friend their face is in focus and the room behind them is blurry
Gestalt’s 2nd Principle
Continuation
Description:
Example
Description: When looking at an object a person will continue to view the entire object and continue over to the next one.
Example: When reading an exit sign you continue to move in the direction of the arrow
Gestalt’s 3rd Principle
Closure
Description:
Example
Description: When looking at an incomplete object the brain will fill in missing information
Example: When looking at a picture of lines we see an airplane (See video)
Gestalt’s 4th Principle
Similarity
Description:
Example
Description:Objects that are grouped or put in a specific pattern will appear as one object
Example: When looking at the logo of a company the design has shared characteristics giving the illusion of one item
Gestalt’s 5th Principle
Proximity
Description:
Example
Description: Objects that are placed close to each other will appear as one object, while objects that are separated appear as separate.
Example: If you put large spaces in the NBC logo it will not longer appear to be one object
Gestalt’s 6th Principle
Symmetry
Description:
Example
Description:Objects that are symmetrical to each other are perceived to be as one object
Example: When looking at the bike ad the image had a manhole and a bike tire combined into one object (See video)
Binocular vs monocular cues
Binocular cues require two eyes. When objects are near a person the eyes move inward, and when the object is farther away the eyes will straighten.Monocular cues only use one eye and can be broken up into 6 different cues
Convergence vs retinal disparity
Convergence is when objects are near someone the person’s eyes will move inward, and when the object is farther away the eyes will straighten. Retinal disparity is when looking at an object each eye is seeing a different part of the object, which gives a person a degree of depth
Relative Size
Description: Allow a person to determine how close an object is.
Example: Objects that are closer to a person will appear larger, while objects that are farther away will appear smaller
Interposition
Description: Allows a person to understand how close an object is by seeing which objects are obstructed
Example: Objects that are blocked by another object are most likely farther away, while objects that are not obstructed are closer
Relative Height
Description: Objects that are blocked by another object are most likely farther away, while objects that are not obstructed are closer
Example: Objects that are higher appear to be farther compared to objects that are lower.
Shading and Countering
Description: Allows a person to understand the distance of an object by looking at the form of an object
Example: Objects that are hazy and have less detail appear to be farther away, while objects that are more clear and in focus are closer
Texture and Gradient
Description: Allows a person to understand the distance of an object by looking at the clarity and detail of the object
Example:Objects that have richer textures, details, and clarity are closer, compared to objects that have less texture, details, and clarity
Linear perspective
Description: Allows a person to understand the distance of an object by using parallel lines.
Example: Parallel lines appear to converge at a point in the distance, this helps a person understand their positioning and understand depth
