1.4 Flashcards
What is the difference between reliability and validity?
Reliability refers to the repeatability of a test or study, while validity is how well a test measures what it claims to measure
What is the difference between a single-blind study and a double blind study?
A single blind procedure is when subjects are not aware if they are in the control group or experimental group, but the researcher knows. A double blind procedure is when both the researcher in the room with the subjects and the subjects do not know who is in the control group or experimental group.
How can conducting a single-blind study or double blind study counter bias in a study?
A single-blind study stops participants from having their own bias based on what group they are in. A double blind study stops both the subjects from knowing their group and having bias, but also the researcher conducting the experiment from treating any subjects differently based on the group the subjects are in.
Hindsight Bias Description
The tendency to think that one could have anticipated the outcome of an event or experiment after it already occurred
Hindsight Bias prevention measures
Use pre-assessments that have participants answer questions ahead of time, and utilize the scientific method
Hindsight Bias ex
After suju got daesang, I say that I knew they would to whole time.
False Consensus Effect description
This is when individuals overestimate how many others share their opinions or ideas
False Consensus Effect prevention measures
Use the scientific method, and present participants with alternative viewpoints
False Consensus Effect ex
When examining the political breakdown of a high school student 1 states that all students support party X
Confirmation Bias description
Individuals focus on only specific information that is consistent with their viewpoint, and ignore conflicting information
Confirmation Bias prevention measures
Seek out informationthat counters your ownhypothesis, make sureyour experiment can bereplicated, and use thescientific method
Confirmation Bias ex
When researching who gets in more accidents men or women the researcher focuses on the women in accidents overmen, which fits with their original hypothesis that women get in more accidents
Experimenter Bias/Researcher Bias Description:
When a researcher unknowingly influencethe outcome of the research
Experimenter Bias/Researcher Bias prevention measures
Use a double blind for the study, make sure the study can be replicated, and have the study published
Desirability Bias/ Participant Bias Description
When the participant skew their answers to create a more favorable impression of them
