28 Respiratory bacteria

Question 0

Corynebacterium Diphtheriae

Answer 0

Gram + rods in pallasades
DTx - Diptheria toxin Inhibits protein synthesis
Pseudomembranes at throat

DT is vaccinated against- DTX is used in conjugated vaccines for immunogenesis

Question 1

Bordatella pertussis

Answer 1

Gram- aerobic coccobacillus *HIGHLY TRANSMISSABLE
*binds ciliated epithelials
*Pertussis toxin PTx —> increases secretions and destroys escalator
WHOOPING COUGH

3 stages
1Many organisms- few symptoms
2Some organism- whooping cough
3few organisms- toxin remains

Question 2

Neisseria meningiditis

Answer 2

Gram - diploccoci with catalase, oxidase, and polysaccharide coat
*causes pneumonia and pharyngitis
*can later cause meningitis
LIPOOLIGOSACCHARIDE- no antigens and is toxic

Polysaccharide vaccine for ACY, W135 - conjugated for younger, non for older

Question 3

Strep pyogenes

Answer 3

Gram + cocci in chains Beta hemolysis(streptolysin s and o)- full hemolysis

• catalase negative
• Superantigen (SPE A and B)

Pharyngitis and scarlet fever (SPE toxins)

Question 4

Staph Aureus

Answer 4

Gram + cocci in clusters Alpha
*catalase positive

Pneumonia (frequently oral aspiration or haematoginous spread

Question 5

Strep pneumoniae

Answer 5

Gram + cocci in pairs, Alpha hemolytic
*polysaccharide capsule

Lobar pneumonia, sinusitis, otitis media

Capsule vaccine available 23valent vaccine >2yo
13<2yo with DTx

Question 6

Haemophilus influenzae

Answer 6

Gram- short rods,
Needs NAD and Heme for growth
Ligooligosaccharide- inflammatory no antigens

Otitis media, sinusitis, epiglottitis, (pneumonia in capsulated varieties)
Vacine 3valent

Question 7

Mycoplasma pneumonia

Answer 7

No cell wall- Cant gram stain, coccoid and pleiomorphic - steroil capsule
Obligate aerobe
slow growing
P1 adhesion destorys cilliated epithelium.

Tracheobronchitis and atypical pneumonia

Question 8

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Answer 8

Gram- rod, oxidase +, alginate biofilms, opportunisitic

Many different sites, CF- skin

Question 9

Liegonella Pneumophilia

Answer 9

Gram- rod opportunistic, single polar flagella- grows in amoeba
Survives in alvolar macs

Pneumonia- legionaires
Pontiac- flu like fever (self limiting)

Question 10

Mycobacterium TB

Answer 10

Acid fast (gram pos) Myclic acids- granulomas