19 Hypercapnea and hypoxia

Question 0

Long term effects of hypoventilation

Answer 0

Decreased CO2 sensitivity

Question 1

Water vapor pressure

Answer 1

47

Question 2

Carotid chemoreceptor sensitivity for O2

Answer 2

at about 60-50

Question 3

Why do high altitude natives have normal 02 despite less ventolation and higher PCO2 levels

Answer 3

Increased surface area

Question 4

Peripheral chemoreceptors

Answer 4

Carotid and aortic receptors

30% of response to PaCO2

Question 5

Carotid body cells

Answer 5

Glomus/ Type I cells

Sheath/ Type II cells

Question 6

Why do you have decreased ventilatory response and increased CO2 in COPD

Answer 6

Lose CO2 sensitivity - now based on 02

Question 7

Why severe COPD patients can become acidotic with increased O2

Answer 7

1) O2 vasodilates “dead space” areas

2) Haldane effect- takes up CO2 space for removal

Question 8

Dorsal medullary respiratory group

Answer 8

Patterning and processing of chemoreceptor information- Medullarry strokes cause “Ataxic” breathing- Pattern is lost

Question 9

Ventral respiratory group

Answer 9

Exercise and conscious changes to breathing

Question 10

Pontine group

Answer 10

Limits inspiration - (strokes here cause long inspiration with short explosive expiration