2.6 Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Question 1

What is the cell wall in prokaryotes made up of?

Answer 1

Peptidoglycan

Question 2

Compare the nucleus of prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Answer 2

P = absent
E = present

Question 3

Compare the DNA of prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Answer 3

P = circular
E = linear

Question 4

Compare DNA organisation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Answer 4

P = proteins fold + condense DNA
E = associates with proteins called histones

Question 5

Compare the extra chromosomal DNA of prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Answer 5

P = circular DNA called plasmids
E = only present in some organelles e.g. chloroplasts and mitochondria

Question 6

Compare the organelles of prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Answer 6

P = not membrane bound
E = membrane + non membrane bound

Question 7

Compare the cell wall of prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Answer 7

P = peptidoglycan
E = chitin in fungi, cellulose in plants, absent in animals

Question 8

Compare the ribosomes of prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Answer 8

P = smaller, 70S
E = bigger, 80S

Question 9

Compare the cytoskeleton of prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Answer 9

P = present
E = present, more complex

Question 10

Compare the reproduction of prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Answer 10

P = binary fission
E = asexual/sexual

Question 11

Compare the cell type of prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Answer 11

P = unicellular
E = uni + multicellular

Question 12

Compare the cell-surface membrane of prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Answer 12

P = present
E = present