10.1 Classification and evolution Flashcards
Why do scientist classify organisms?
To identify species - by using a clearly defined classification system, species can be easily be identified
So that they can predict characteristics - because if several species have specific characteristics, it is more likely the rest of the group has the same characteristics
So they can find evolutionary links - Species in the same group share the same characteristics because they have an evolved from common ancestors
What are the taxonomic groups (in order)?
- Kingdom
- Phylum
- Class
- Order
- Family
- Genus
- Species
How is the taxonomic groups ordered?
They are ordered in Hierarchy
What are the characteristics of the Taxonomic groups?
Kingdom tends be the biggest and broadest taxonomic group
Species being the smallest and most specific classification
Similar or related groups tend to be on one hierarchical level combined into more inclusive groups at the next higher level
What are hierarchical referred as? Why?
Linnaean Classification
Because it was first proposed by Carl Linnaeus in the 18th centenary
What is classification?
Name given to process by which living organisms are sorted into groups. And each group has organisms that share similar features.
Why do classification systems constantly change?
This is because new scientific discoveries are found, due to: advances in scientific techniques: which provide more information on genetic and biological make up of organisms.
Causing model to change
What is a domain?
Is a further level of classification
What are the advantages of using a single classification system?
Scientist worldwide can share their research
Links can be established between different organisms in different countries or continents
What are the 3 domains?
Archaea
Bacteria
Eukarya
Why can’t different species breed and produce fertile offspring?
This is because both species cells will contain a different/odd number of chromosomes
As a result Meiosis and Gamete production can no longer take place correctly as all chromosomes have to pair up
What is a species?
A group of organisms that are able to reproduce to produce fertile offspring
How does scientist name species?
First part of Genus = called the genetic name
Second part known as the organism SPECIE = known as the specific name
How do scientist represent species name?
They represent words in italic or even underlining the world in handwritten documents
The word is written in lower case with an exception of the first letter of the genus name
