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CPR Exam 1 > 24. & 25. MI/ECGs > Flashcards

24. & 25. MI/ECGs Flashcards

1
Q

What does an EKG do

A

records electrical activity (depol) of heart from viewpoint of each ind lead

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2
Q

what plane do the limb leads show depol

A

frontal (coronal)

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3
Q

what leads show depol in the horizontal plane

A

precordial leads

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4
Q

what is the normal direction of depol

A

upper right to lower left (RA to LV)

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5
Q

a positive deflecion on the QRS is ____

A

toward the lead

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6
Q

a negative deflection is ____ from the lead

A

away

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7
Q

QRS lead 1 (+) & avF (-) mean–

A

left axis deviation

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8
Q

what problems can lead to left axis deviations

A

ascities ( move herat & diaphragm up)

large belly

LV hypertrophy

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9
Q

QRS lead 1 = (-) & avF = (+)

A

right axis deviation

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10
Q

lung dieases show what kind of deviation

A

right axis deviation

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11
Q

what are symptoms associated with MIs

A

nausea, vomiting, diaphoresis, dyspnea

chest discomfort: heavy, pressure crushing

retrosternal, L, across chest, radiate into neck, jaw, L arm/shoulder, epigastrium or btn shoulder blades

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12
Q

what could be present with partial occlusion

A

unstable angina

NSTEMI

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13
Q

if coronary flow is occluded, pt presents w/

A

STEMI

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14
Q

what is the most likely cause of MI

A

atherosclerosis

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15
Q

If there is ischemia - you’ll see –

A

T wave changes - inverted, tall peak or depressed

-deficient blood supply & impaired repol

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16
Q

myocardial injury is seen by

A

ST segment shifts

deficient blood supply & inability to fully polarize

17
Q

infarctions are seen w/ —

A

changes in Q waves (wide)

dead tissue, lack depol

18
Q

when is tropinin I & T detectable during a MI

A

1-4 hours after onset

-pears at 10-24 hr

19
Q

what can cause false positive cTnT

A

renal failure

20
Q

how much ST elevation shows STEMI

A

men - >= 2 mm at J poin in V2-3

women- >= 1.5 mm

21
Q

what leads are supplies by the L circumflex A

A

avL

lead 1

V5-6

= lateral wall of heart

22
Q

which leads are supplied by left anterior descending A

A

V1 - V4

= anterior wall of heart

23
Q

which leads are supplied by the right coronary A

A

lead 2, 3

aVF

= inferior wall of heart

24
Q

which leads are supplied by the posterior descending A

A

V1-3

= posterior wall of heart

25
Q

how would a lesion of left CCA seen on an EKG

A

circumflex A - lead 1, aVL, V5-6

left ant descending A - V1 - V4

26
Q

sinus tachycardia is presented w/

A

HR > 100

27
Q

what can cause sinus tachycardia

A

drugs, hyperthyroid,

fever, prego,

anemia, CHF,

hypovalemia

OR normal

28
Q

what can cause sinus bradycardia

A

HR < 60

= vagal response, sleep apnea, meds, MI, increased ICP, hypothyroid

29
Q

what can cause premature atrial beats

& what do they look like

A

stress, alc, tobacco, coffee, COPD & CAD

see a P wave and QRS different from all others

30
Q

what causes premature ventricular contraction

A

normal, stress,

hypoxia,

drugs

heart failure, AMI, ischemic heart disease

cardiomyopathy

electrolyte disorder

31
Q

what does a premature ventricular contraction look like on an EKG

A

wide QRS

32
Q

HR 150-250

multiple wide QRS complexes next to each other =

A

ventricular tachycardia (VTACH)

33
Q

what are causes of VTACH

A

CAD, heart failure, hypertropic cardiomyopathy,

congenital heart disease, electrolyte abnormalities

34
Q

narrow QRS

fast HR (160-180)

p waves masked by QRS

A

Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)

35
Q

what are causes of SVT

-what population is most affected

A

thyroid disease, caffiene, meds with stimulants, stress

kids & young women

36
Q

what does irregularly irregular mean

A

atrial fibrillation

irregular RE intervals

37
Q

what are causes of Afib

A

Hypertensive heart disease

vavulvar heart disease

CHF, CAD, DM, CKD

obesity, metabolic syndrome

38
Q

a PR interval longer than 0.2 sec =

A

primary AV block

CPR Exam 1 (27 decks)

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