Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CPR Exam 1 > 19. Smooth M. Phys > Flashcards

19. Smooth M. Phys Flashcards

1
Q

How do skeletal M and smooth M vary in regards to histology

A
  • Sk. M - large, multinucleated, striate cells
  • Sm. M- small, single nucleus w no striations
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How do skeletal M and smooth M vary in regards to the SR

A
  • Sk M - large well developed; SR w/ triad well developed T-tubules
  • Sm M - poorly developed SR & t-tubules; membrane contain calveolae
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How do skeletal M and smooth M vary in regards to thin filaments

A

-Sk. M - actin, tropomyosin, troponin (less thin filaments than Sm. M)

Sm. M - actin, tropomyosin & CALMODULIN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How do skeletal M and smooth M vary in regards to thick filaments

A

-Sk. M - myosin, ATPase activity = faster (more in number than Sm. M) -

Sm. M - myosin, ATPase activity slower, myosin light chains prominent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How do skeletal M and smooth M vary in regards to innervation

A
  • Sk. M - alpha- MN
  • Sm. M - multiple types (intrinsic & ANS)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How do skeletal M and smooth M vary in regards to NTs

A
  • Sk. M - Ach - excitatory
  • Sm. M - Ach (inhibitory) & NE/Epi (excitatory)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How do skeletal M and smooth M vary in regards to transmission specialization

A
  • Sk. M - NMJ
  • Sm. M - varicosities
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How do skeletal M and smooth M vary in regards to NT receptors

A
  • Sk. M - nAChR
  • Sm. M - mAChR, adrenergic, etc
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How do skeletal M and smooth M vary in regards to other forms of activation

A
  • Sk. M - none
  • Sm. M - blood-borne, paracrine, intrinsic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How do skeletal M and smooth M vary in regards to AP

A
  • Sk. M - required
  • Sm. M - not required! - pace maker activity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How do skeletal M and smooth M vary in regards to source of Ca

A
  • Sk. M - release from SR
  • Sm. M - mostly from ECF influx & some from SR
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How do skeletal M and smooth M vary in regards to role of Ca

A
  • Sk. M - bind troponin C
  • Sm. M - bind calmodulin —> activate MLCK
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How do skeletal M and smooth M vary in regards to how actin and myosin bind

A
  • Sk. M - tropomyosin moved by troponin
  • Sm. M - phosphorylate myosin light chain via kinase
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How do skeletal M and smooth M vary in regards to relaxation

A
  • Sk. M - remove Ca from troponin
  • Sm. M - activate light chain PHOSPHATASE - dephos —> inactivate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does it mean to be a multi-unit Sm M

A
  • fibers operate individually, innervated by single N with multiple varicosities
  • for fine tuning
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a unitary Sm M

Where are they located

A
  • visceral Sm M or syncytial
  • work together as a unit
  • cell mems adhere & contain gap jxns
  • in GI (help move food), bile duct, uterus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the ways Sm M can be arranged

A

-circumferential -

circumferential & longitudinal

-varied

18
Q

Where does actin bind in Sm M & why is it special

A
  • attach to dense bodies & adheres jxns
  • dense bodies can rearrange fibers to help w/ length-tension relationship
19
Q

What is the arrangement of myosin in Sm. M

A

-bi-directional

20
Q

How is myosin cross-bridge cycling diff in Sm. M

A
  • slower!
  • myosin & actin attached longer —> greater force
  • less ATP needed
21
Q

How can Ca increase in the cytosol (aka stimulate Sm. M)

A
  • N innervation
  • hormone
  • stretch
  • environmental cues
22
Q

What are IP3-gated Ca channels

A

-once some Ca into the cell, they can bind these channels and allow a little more Ca release from SR

23
Q

What are the ways Ca can enter the cell

A
  1. -NT binds and activate Ca channel in sarcolemma—> Ca in
  2. -in the cell Ca can activate Vg Ca (L-type Ca channels) in sarcolemma —> Ca in
  3. -ryansidine receptors on SR —> Ca out of SR
  4. -IP3 receptors —> activated by hormones/NTs on cell surface —> IP3 - 2nd messenger —> bind on SR —> increase Ca out of SR
24
Q

How can Ca exit the cell

A
  • SERCA (back into SR)
  • 3Na/Ca anti porter - Ca out of cell by trading Na
  • sarcolemmal Ca ATPase
25
Q

What happens when Ca binds calmodulin (CaM)

A
  • 4 Ca ions bind CaM -change conformation —> activate
  • activate MLCK —> phos myosin
  • allow myosin to bind actin —> contraction
26
Q

How does SM M relaxation occur

A
  • Ca pump to remove Ca
  • & myosin light chain PHOSPHATASE —> dephos myosin light chain

-need both for full relaxation

27
Q

What are varicosities

A
  • NT release sites
  • distance btn varicosities and fibers differ
28
Q

What is the response generated by NE/Epi

A

-varies by receptor -

alpha 1- contract

  • beta 2- relax
29
Q

How do Sm Ms respond to Ach

A
  • varies depending on organ
  • contraction = direct effect
  • relaxation = indirect effect
30
Q

What does angiotensin II, vasopressin & endothelin do

A

contract Sm M

31
Q

What is the effect of adenosine

A

-relax Sm M

32
Q

How doe Sm M respond to NO

A

NO = inhibitory —> Sm M relaxes

33
Q

What are some environmental cues that Sm M will respond to?

A

-hypoxia -excess CO2 -increased H+ - adenosine, LA, increased K+

34
Q

What environmental cues will lead to vasodilation

A
  • decrease O2 or sym tone
  • increase Co2, H+ or K+ -prostaglandins, adenosine, NO, ANP
35
Q

What environmental cues will lead to vasoconstriction

A
  • stretch
  • endothelins
  • increase sym tone
  • angiotensin II, ADH, NE, Epi
36
Q

What is the latch mechanism

A
  • generate some force for a given amount of Ca
  • allow binding w slow to fatigue myosin ATPase

*ATP still present, myosin head still phos bc still have some Ca —> keep cycling (slowly) but w/ less ATP!

-increase tension w/ little ATP

37
Q

What is RMP for Sm M

A

-50 to -60

38
Q

What two forms of Sm M activity do you have

A
  • plateaus
  • spike potentials
39
Q

describe general Sm M activity

A
  • slow wave oscillations via Ca influx (L type Vg Ca) & K efflux (Ca activated K channels)
  • spike potentials occur w/ stimulation of hormone, NT, stretch, spontaneous
  • plateaus occur w/ stimulation of NT and stretch
40
Q

Compare and contrast length-tension relationship ban Sk. M and Sm. M

A

-both - get stretched —> increase force -Sm M-

rearrange fibers to get greater stretch & shift L/R for optimal range

CPR Exam 1 (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions