2.3 Inflammation Lec 2 Flashcards
what produces inflammatory cytokines?
Monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils
inflammatory cytokines induce endothelial cells to produce?
chemokines
chemokines produced by endothelial cells due to cytokines induce?
1) chemotaxis of WBCs
2) adhesion molecules which adhere to WBCs
In the end, inflammation results in increased production of ? Responding to?
increased production of granulocytes from bone marrow and influx of WBCs **Responding to C5a, C3a, leukotrienes and chemokines
Increase in vascular permeability due to histamine also increases the flow of?
Complement components and phagocytes (mono, macro, and neutro)
Extravasation or transendothelial migration applies to?
o Neutrophils
o Monocytes
o Lymphocytes
what does ECAM mean?
endothelial cell adhesion molecules
what increases the expression of ECAMs?
The local production of cytokines, IL-8, IL-1, and TNF
What is the #1 chemokine?
interleukin 8 (IL-8)
What produces IL-8?
endothelial cells
IL-8 stimulates neutrophiles via?
chemokine receptors
IL-8 induces neutrophil migration but also induces a?
conformation change in integrins on neutrophils, increasing their affinity for ECAMs on endothelial cells
Steps of Extravasation?
1) tethering
2) attachment/rolling
3) firm adhesion/crawling
4) extravasation
What are the molecules on the nuetrophile that participate in tethering?
L-selectins and glycosylated ligands
What are the molecules on the endothelial cells that participate in tethering?
iCAMs and P-selectin
lysis means?
complete destruction, kills
what are two important things that compliment activation does?
1) enhances opsonization
2) lysis- irectly kills microbe
describe kinins?
They mimic?
cause what muscle contraction?
increase?
1) mimics some of the effects of histamine
2) small peptides
3) causes smooth muscle contraction
4) Increases vascular permeability due to contraction of vascular endothelium cells
5) Increases endothelial CAM expression
kinins mimic_____ pain?
nerve
kinins activate what pathway?
clotting pathway
What is the proper term for clotting?
coagulation
