19 Flashcards by Carin Pienaar

IO Psychology has been characterised by a pathogenic orientation. What does this mean?

The orientation is towards the abnormal
with the fundamental question being:
“Why do people fall ill or not perform?”

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In contract to pathology, what do the “strength paradigm” emphasise?

The well-being of people,
their intrinsic potential to grow
and to be in control
use resillience or health-protecting behaviours 
even in stressful circumstances.

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What is the purpose of wellness?

To max the potential of people

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What is positive mental health also known as?

Subjective / psychological well-being

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What is positive mental health?

A person’s
perceptions + evaluations of their life
ito general state of well-being

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Psychological well-being consists of 6 facets. Name them.

Peppas

1) Personal growth 📏
2) Environmental Mastery 🏅
3) Purpose in life ⛳️
4) Positive relations with others💑
5) Autonomy🕴
6) Self-acceptance😇

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SOCIAL well-being consists of 5 factors. Name them.

AACCI
1) social ACCEPTANCE

2) social ACTUALISATION (society has potential to grow positively)
3) social COHERENCE (community as logical and predictable)
4) social CONTRIBUTION (has something to contribute)
5) social INTEGRATION

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What is positive mental health also known as?

Subjective / psychological well-being

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What is positive mental health?

A person’s
perceptions + evaluations of their life
ito general state of well-being

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Psychological well-being consists of 6 facets. Name them.

Peppas

1) Personal growth 📏
2) Environmental Mastery 🏅
3) Purpose in life ⛳️
4) Positive relations with others💑
5) Autonomy🕴
6) Self-acceptance😇

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SOCIAL well-being consists of 5 factors. Name them.

AACCI
1) social ACCEPTANCE
2) social ACTUALISATION (society has potential to grow positively)
3) social COHERENCE (community as logical and predictable)
4)

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The Self-determination Model refers to 3 essential psychological needs. Name them.

Relatedness
Competence
Autonomy

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Relatedness, competence and autonomy has to be satisfied according to the Self-determination Model to achieve and experience EUDAIMONIA. What is it?

A state consisting of:

Psychological growth
Integrity
Well-being
Vitality
Self-congruence

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What does Frederickson’s Broad-and-Build Theory explain?

How positive emotions and affect
broaden
people’s reactions to daily situations

and

how they allow people
to build
resources to deal with those situations.

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According to Strumpfer, what are the 3 variables / constructs that contribute to positive emotions?

HOG
Humour
Optimism
Gratitude

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Explain Tellegen’s term Positive Emotionality.

Its a personality trait
that forms the superstructure
of positive emotional experiences

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What is the Wheel of Wellness?

A theoretical, 
interdisciplinary and 
holistic model
that explores well-being and prevention
over the life span 
Including a work context

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What are the 5 life tasks in the Wheel of Wellness?

Selfw

Self-direction
Essence of spirituality 
Love
Friendship
Work and leisure

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Which model contributes to a clearer understanding of the concept of employee well-being?

The HOLISTIC EMPLOYEE WELLNESS Model

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What are the 3 main directions of research in well-being?

Salutogenesis

Fortigenesis

Positive Psychology

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Aaron Antonovshy was the founder of?

Salutogenesis

Salus - health (latin)
Genesis - origins (greek)

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What is the question in Salutogenesis?

Why and how do people stay healthy in the face of stressful life events?

But also

How and where do people find the strenght to remain healthy and deal with these stressors?

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What concept is used to establish how people overcome stressors?

GGR - generalised resistance resource

What is a GGR according to the Generalised Resistance Resource concepted by Antonovsky?

Any charateristic of a person, group, subculture or society
that facilitates the Avoidance or combating
of a wide variety of stressors.

To what will an abundant availability of GGRs for and within an individual lead?

A strong sense of coherence as well as the experience of health and encompassing well-being

Define eustress?

Stress that can be beneficial

What is Salutogenic's primary concern?

The maintenance and enhancement of well-being as well as the prevention and treatment of illness

Name the 6 Salutogenic constructs that have been studied extensively;

``` Sense of coherence Locus of control Self-efficacy Hardiness Potency Learned resourcefulness ```

The broadening of Salutogenics brought forth?

Fortigenesis

Define Fortigenesis.

The origins of psychological health and strenght

Which 2 characteristics of fortigenical thinking can be distinguished?

Benefit-finding and Emphasis on agency

What is the aim of Positive psychology?

Change the focus of psychological fields | to well-being and the fostering of strengths and virtues

Gove another term for Positive Psychology.

Psychofortology

Positive psychology consists of 3 levels. Name them.

Subjective level - subjectibe experiences in past, now and future Individul level - more enduring and persistent behaviour patterns across time and situations Group / Organisational level - development creation and maintenance of positive

What did Victor Frankl assert the primary force in life is towards?

Striving to find meaning and purpose in life.

What is "the good life" or "eudaimonic happiness" defines as?

Optimal functioning where u strive for perfection

What are virtues?

Core human characteristics

What are the 6 virtues in well-being as being used in the Values-in-Action VIA classification System?

Wisdom Courage Humanity Justice Temperance (strenght that protects u from others) Transcendence - connection to larger universe

A sence of coherence SOC is made up of 3 core components. Name them.

Comprehensibility - predictable, explicable Manageablility - resources available meaningfulness - worthy of investment

SOC sence of coherence enables people to do the following 3 tasks:

Making cohesive sense Able to cope Makes sense (emotionally and motivalionally)

Define locus of control

Refers to one's beliefs about the causes of events and one's own attribution or responsibility towards the consequences of events and actions

What do potency refer to in well-being?

An individual's enduring confidence in their capabilities

Learned resourcefulness in a personality consists of 3 functions. Name them.

Regressive self-control: regulation of internal responses Formative self-control: changing of current behaviour Experiental self-control: enjoyment of unknown activities

Name the 3 constructs associated with ENGAGEMENT.

Vigour Dedication Absorption

What is the opposite of Engagement?

Burnout

Define meaningfulness.

When situations and experiences are perceived as motivationally relevant.

Define meaning-destroying variables.

Extrinsic values, expectancies for financial success, Appealing appearance and social recognition have all been linked to physical symptoms of illness, depression and anxiety

Define meaning-providing variables.

``` Intrinsic values Expectancies for physical fitness Self-acceptance Affiliation with others and A community feeling ``` Have been linked to feelings of coping and well-being

Define anticipatory coping.

Involves preperation

Which model did Keyes and Lopez develop in order to diagnose mental illness of individuals?

The Complete State Model | which consists of mental health and mental illness

What is the CSM?

Complete State Model

Based on the CSM model a person can be diagnosed as FLOURISHING. What doe this mean?

No psycho disorder | High levels of well-being

Based on the CSM model, a person can be diagnosed as LANGUISHING. What does that mean?

No mental illness | Low levels of well-being

Based on the CSM model, a person can be diagnosed as STRUGGLING. What does that mean?

Has psycho disorder | High levels of well-being

A cording to the CSM model, people can be diagnosed with beingFLOUNDERING. what does that mean?

Has psycho disorder | Low well-being

What is cognitive retaining about?

Irrational or impossible beliefs that reduce happiness

What do Interpersonal flourishing and Balint groups refer to?

The need for positive relationships with others as a means of support for dealing with the many challenges in the work context