14.5 Structure Of Personality Flashcards
Where is the ID found?
The unconscious
What does the ID do to resolve conflict between biological instincts, rationality and conscience?
Operates according to the “pleasure principle” to obtain maximum pleasure through striving for immediate satisfaction of all needs. I want I want I want.
Instincts are divided into 2 groups. What are they?
Life instincts - most important libido
Death instincts - aggression
Where is the Ego situated?
Conscious
What is the purpose of the Ego?
Act as evaluating agent that intelligently selects the behaviour that minimise pain whilst maximising pleasure.
It is the reason or rationality .
Although the Ego strives to attain pleasure it is also modified by the “Reality Principle” what is this?
The ego has the ability to sometimes temporarily turn aside the gratification of certain desires to increase overall gratification.
How is the Superego formed?
As a result of societal and cultural agents
especially the individual’s parents.
What is the function of the Superego?
It functions as a supressor of pleasurable activity same way as parents do in formative years.
The Superego operates according to “morality principle”. Explain.
It acts as the internal morality governing right or wrong.
The Superego has 2 subsystems. Explain.
A concience - that punish behaviour
An ego ideal - that rewards it.
The conscience brings out feelings of?
Guilt
The ego ideal, as part of the Superego, brings out feelings of?
Pride
What is the purpose of the Superego on the pleasure-seeking demands of the ID?
Not to postpone it but rather inhibit them.
Where is the Superego found?
The conscious and unconscious
Personality is mostly driven by?
The energy of the ID
In personality, who acts as the balancing agent?
The ego
In the 3 components of personality, which is caught in the middle of the 3 dangers?
The ego.
The 3 dangers are the ID , reality and superego
What can lead to neurosis and maladjustment?
Anxiety
Berne originated the “theory of transactional analysis, within an organisational context. Explain.
He used the concepts of ID, ego and superego to indicate relationship- or communication patterns.
He identified 3 states corresponding with the 3 components of personality.
The child (ID)
The adult (ego)
The parent (superego)
In an organisational context adult to adult (ego to ego) communication is the ideal.
Jung also divided personality (or psyche as he called it) in 3 parts. Name them.
1) the Ego (conscious awareness)
2) personal unconscious (repressed material not in conscious awareness)
3) the Collective Unconscious (material available to conscious awareness)
Jung believed the collective unconscious contained “archetypes - cultural inherited predispositions to perceive, act or think in a certain way”. Name the 5 most important archetypes.
1) PERSONA (mask)
2) ANIMA (feminine part in men)
3) ANIMUS (masculine part of women)
4) SHADOW (inherited biological instinct) - Freud’s ID
5) SELF (most important - holds all other archetypes together)
What does the SELF archetype represent and how do various cultures represent this concept?
It represents striving to wholeness + an integrated personality.
Culturally represented by the mandalla or magic circle - artwork
Which archetype of Jung is developed through interaction with the opposite sex?
Anima and Animus
Freud and Jung both saw personality as the result of internal struggle. Jung was however more optimistic in his view. Why?
He considered the future and the potential of the individual as well.
Although archetypes remain unconscious they present an influence on?
People’s thoughts, dreams, emotions - they also remind people of culture themes in stories an films
Give examples of how archetypes can be applied in the workplace.
Senior person could be “wise old man” whilst finance is the controlling “parent”.
According to Adler, how do people give meaning to life?
- Through creative powers (creative self),
- a basic interest in people
- development of social skills
- overcoming of a basic sense of inferiority
Freud viewed personality as all internal conflicts. How did Adler differ from this opinion?
Important conflicts occur between the individual and environment
Freud developed a “structural model of personality”. What are the 3 components?
ID - the child (I want) pleasure principle
Ego - the adult (rational) reasoning
Superego - the parent (morals) supressor
