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ps > 14.5 Structure Of Personality > Flashcards

14.5 Structure Of Personality Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the ID found?

A

The unconscious

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2
Q

What does the ID do to resolve conflict between biological instincts, rationality and conscience?

A

Operates according to the “pleasure principle” to obtain maximum pleasure through striving for immediate satisfaction of all needs. I want I want I want.

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3
Q

Instincts are divided into 2 groups. What are they?

A

Life instincts - most important libido

Death instincts - aggression

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4
Q

Where is the Ego situated?

A

Conscious

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5
Q

What is the purpose of the Ego?

A

Act as evaluating agent that intelligently selects the behaviour that minimise pain whilst maximising pleasure.

It is the reason or rationality .

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6
Q

Although the Ego strives to attain pleasure it is also modified by the “Reality Principle” what is this?

A

The ego has the ability to sometimes temporarily turn aside the gratification of certain desires to increase overall gratification.

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7
Q

How is the Superego formed?

A

As a result of societal and cultural agents

especially the individual’s parents.

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8
Q

What is the function of the Superego?

A

It functions as a supressor of pleasurable activity same way as parents do in formative years.

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9
Q

The Superego operates according to “morality principle”. Explain.

A

It acts as the internal morality governing right or wrong.

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10
Q

The Superego has 2 subsystems. Explain.

A

A concience - that punish behaviour

An ego ideal - that rewards it.

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11
Q

The conscience brings out feelings of?

A

Guilt

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12
Q

The ego ideal, as part of the Superego, brings out feelings of?

A

Pride

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13
Q

What is the purpose of the Superego on the pleasure-seeking demands of the ID?

A

Not to postpone it but rather inhibit them.

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14
Q

Where is the Superego found?

A

The conscious and unconscious

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15
Q

Personality is mostly driven by?

A

The energy of the ID

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16
Q

In personality, who acts as the balancing agent?

A

The ego

17
Q

In the 3 components of personality, which is caught in the middle of the 3 dangers?

A

The ego.

The 3 dangers are the ID , reality and superego

18
Q

What can lead to neurosis and maladjustment?

A

Anxiety

19
Q

Berne originated the “theory of transactional analysis, within an organisational context. Explain.

A

He used the concepts of ID, ego and superego to indicate relationship- or communication patterns.
He identified 3 states corresponding with the 3 components of personality.
The child (ID)
The adult (ego)
The parent (superego)

In an organisational context adult to adult (ego to ego) communication is the ideal.

20
Q

Jung also divided personality (or psyche as he called it) in 3 parts. Name them.

A

1) the Ego (conscious awareness)
2) personal unconscious (repressed material not in conscious awareness)
3) the Collective Unconscious (material available to conscious awareness)

21
Q

Jung believed the collective unconscious contained “archetypes - cultural inherited predispositions to perceive, act or think in a certain way”. Name the 5 most important archetypes.

A

1) PERSONA (mask)
2) ANIMA (feminine part in men)
3) ANIMUS (masculine part of women)
4) SHADOW (inherited biological instinct) - Freud’s ID
5) SELF (most important - holds all other archetypes together)

22
Q

What does the SELF archetype represent and how do various cultures represent this concept?

A

It represents striving to wholeness + an integrated personality.
Culturally represented by the mandalla or magic circle - artwork

23
Q

Which archetype of Jung is developed through interaction with the opposite sex?

A

Anima and Animus

24
Q

Freud and Jung both saw personality as the result of internal struggle. Jung was however more optimistic in his view. Why?

A

He considered the future and the potential of the individual as well.

25
Q

Although archetypes remain unconscious they present an influence on?

A

People’s thoughts, dreams, emotions - they also remind people of culture themes in stories an films

26
Q

Give examples of how archetypes can be applied in the workplace.

A

Senior person could be “wise old man” whilst finance is the controlling “parent”.

27
Q

According to Adler, how do people give meaning to life?

A
  • Through creative powers (creative self),
  • a basic interest in people
  • development of social skills
  • overcoming of a basic sense of inferiority
28
Q

Freud viewed personality as all internal conflicts. How did Adler differ from this opinion?

A

Important conflicts occur between the individual and environment

29
Q

Freud developed a “structural model of personality”. What are the 3 components?

A

ID - the child (I want) pleasure principle

Ego - the adult (rational) reasoning

Superego - the parent (morals) supressor

ps (34 decks)

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