13.6 Dimensions & Domains of Personality Flashcards
How did Allport (trait n type) describe people?
As unique individuals with unique personality traits and purposeful bahaviours
How did Freud view people?
As motivated
by internal biological and unconscious forces
that are often in conflict
with societal norms.
How did Kelly (cognitive theories) describe how people exist in the world?
By cognitively forming and adapting their own personal constructs.
How did Rogers (psychosocial theories) describe people?
As basically good and positive and able to realise their potential to be fully functioning persons.
What do the “structure of personality” refer to?
The basic building blocks that make upmor constitute personality
and how these are organised.
Explain motivation or dynamics of behaviour in personality.
This describes why have in particular ways and what activates, energises or directs and changes behaviour
Name 4 possible factors that could play a role in motivation in personality.
1) past present and future
2) conscious and unconscious states
3) biological determinants
4) social and environmental determinants
What do personality development refer to?
Growth, maturation and expansion of personality in the physical, cognitive and psychosocial domains
across life span
as well as influencing factors such as heredity and socio-environmental conditions
What is personality adjustment?
Psychological or mental disorders and health
What does adjusted personality mean?
Normal behaviour
Name the 2 of the sciences in psychology utilised in personality assessment methods.
Clinical (analysis of individual)
and
statistical (objective and quantitive analysis like questionnaires)
How is personality assessment done through the clinical approach?
Psychologists interpretation and judgement of events and communication.
Psychoanalysts use own verbalisations as well as dream analysis.
Rogers (seen as existentialist / phenomenologist) preferred individual’s personal experiences.
Constructionists analysed social behaviours and communications such as verbal comm and ther expressions such as art
Hoe would a personality assessment be conducted through the statistical approach?
Scientifically constructed tests and questionnaires
controlled experiments
other observations
Trait theorists use factor analysis to isolate traits
Behaviourists believe in exact measurements, observation and experiments to establish cause-and-effect relationships between them
Personality and aptitude testing
Interviews
Projective techniques
What is personality assessment about?
How people think, behave and feel.
