1.3: The Cell Flashcards
The ______ is the basic unit of life.
Cell
The cell is the ______ of life.
Basic Unit of Life
A cell is the ______ that can carry out all activities we associate with life.
Smallest Unit
A ______ is the smallest unit that can carry out all activities we associate with life.
Cell
The ______says that cells are the basic living units of organization and function in all organisms and that all cells come from other cells.
Cell Theory
What is the Cell Theory?
The cell theory says that cells are the basic living units of organization and function in all organisms and that all cells come from other cells.
Who established the Cell Theory?
The cell theory was established through the work of German scientists, Schleidan, Schwann and Virchow.
A ______ is a device that passes light through a thin sample of the cell medium and then through a magnifying lens to be seen by the human eye.
light microscope
What is a Light Microscope?
A light microscope is a device that passes light through a thin sample of the cell medium and then through a magnifying lens to be seen by the human eye.
______can be used for energy conversion and for synthesis of needed compounds.
Organelles
Why are cells so small?
As a cell grows, the surface-area-to-volume ratio changes. Cells need to remain relatively small because, as a cell expands, the amount of surface area relative to the volume of the cell decreases. The smaller cell is more active because, relative to its volume, its surface area is larger than a bigger cell. With a larger surface area (relative to its volume) this allows the metabolic processes to occur faster. Metabolic processes, such as diffusion, can all occur faster. Cells and organelles that are actively carrying out biochemical processes have adaptations in addition to their small size that greatly increase their surface area.
Everything that enters or leaves a cell must pass through its ______.
Plasma Membrane
The ______ surrounds all cells and contains specialized “pumps” and “gates” that regulate the passage of materials in and out of the cell.
Plasma Membrane
What does the Plasma Membrane do?
The plasma membrane surrounds all cells and contains specialized “pumps” and “gates” that regulate the passage of materials in and out of the cell.
- Extracellular Fluid
- Pore
- Channel
- Phospholipid Bilayer
- Integral Protein
- Integral Protein
- Polar Head (hydrophilic)
- Fatty Acid Tail (hydrophobic)
What are the two basic cell types?
The two basic types of cells are prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Bacteria are what type of cell?
Bacteria are prokaryotic cells.
Prokaryotic cells are considered simple cells for what three reasons?
- They are typically smaller than eukaryotic cells. Most are between 1-10 μm (micrometers) in size (about 1/30,000 of an inch); therefore, they are just visible with the light microscope.
- The DNA of a prokaryotic cell is not enclosed in a nuclear membrane (prokaryotic means “before the nucleus”).
- Prokaryotic cells do not contain many of the internal membrane-bound organelles of eukaryotic cells.
What does PROKARYOTIC actually mean?
Prokaryotic means “before the nucleus”
Ribosomes are composed of ___1___ and synthesize ___2___ for use by the cell
- Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)
- Proteins
True or False: Ribosomes are surrounded by a membrane
False
True or False: Ribosomes are NOT surrounded by a membrane
True
Membranes provide a location for ______ processes to occur.
Metabolic
______ provide a location for metabolic processes to occur.
Membranes