1.3 Lipids Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe the formation of a triglyceride

A
  • 3 condensation reactions
  • Between 3 fatty acids and 1 glycerol
  • Loss of 3 water molecules
  • Formation of 3 ester bonds
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2
Q

Why are triglycerides good respiratory substrates

A
  • Low oxygen contnet
  • High energy conent
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3
Q

Why are triglycerides good for waterproofing

A

They have hydrophobic fatty acids

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4
Q

Why are triglycerides good thermal and electrical insulators

A

They are non-polar molecules

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5
Q

Draw a triglyceride (and the products from making it) , and label the ester bond

A
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6
Q

Describe a saturated fatty acid

A
  • No double bond between carbon atoms
  • In the hydrocarbon chain
  • Unable to accept more hydrogen
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7
Q

Describe an unsaturated fatty acid

A
  • At least one double bond between adjacent carbon atoms
  • In the hydrocarbon chain
  • Therefore able to accept more hydrogen
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8
Q

Describe the formation of a phospholipid

A
  • 3 condensation reactions
  • Between 2 fatty acids, 2 glycerol and 1 phosphate group
  • Loss of 3 water molecules
  • Formation of 3 ester bonds
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9
Q

What is the property of a phospholipid that allows it to form bilayers

A

Amphipathic

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10
Q

What part of the phospholipid is hydrophobic

A

The fatty acid ‘tail’

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11
Q

What part of the phospholipid is hydrophillic

A

The phosphate and glycerol ‘head’

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12
Q

Similarities between phospholipids and triglycerides

A
  • Contain ester bonds between glycerol and fatty acids
  • Contain glycerol
  • Fatty acids can be saturated or unsaturated
  • Insoluble in water
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13
Q

Points of comparison, comparing triglycerides and phospholipids

A
  • Elements they contain
  • Components (not glycerol)
  • Polar/non-polar reigons
  • Form a bilayer in water?
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14
Q

Describe how to test for the presence of lipids

A
  • Crush/grind the sample
  • Add ethanol to sample and shake
  • Add water to sample and shake
  • A milky white emulsion will form if positive
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