2.1.1 Eukaryotic Cell Structure Flashcards
Phrase to describe permeability of the cell membrane
Partially permeable
Describe the apperance of the nucleus
- Strands of linear DNA wrapped around histones (chromosomes)
- Surrounded by a double membrane
Role of nucleus
Stores DNA, which codes for proteins and functional RNA’s
What organelle contains a nucleolus, and what is it’s function and role
- Nucleus
- Dense reigon of DNA and protein
- Synthesises ribosomes
Describe the apperance of the mitochondria
- Rod-shaped
- Outer-membrane
- Inner membrane folded into cristae
- Contains a fluid matrix
Does the nucleus have a double or single membrane
Double
Does the mitochondria have a double or single membrane
Double
Role of the mitochondria
- Site of aerobic respiration
- Releasing ATP
What does the fluid matrix of the mitochondria contain
- Enzymes
- 70s ribosomes
- Circular DNA
Draw and label a mitochondria
Describe the apperance of chloroplasts
- Disc-shaped
- Double membrane surrounding a fluid stroma
- Contains stacks of thylakoids which hold chlrophyll
What does the fluid stroma of a chloroplast contain
- Enzymes
- 70s ribosomes
- Circular DNA
Does the chloroplast have a double or single membrane
Double
Describe the function of chloroplasts
- Chlorophyll absorb light energy
- Site of photosynthesis
Draw and label a chloroplast
Describe the apperance of the cell wall in plants
Cross-linked cellulose fibres
Desribe the functions of the cell wall
- Middle lamellae betwen cells attach adjacent cells together
- Prevents cells bursting due to osmotic pressure
- Allow water to pass through
What is the cell wall made of in fungi
Chitin
What is the cell wall made of in algae
Cellulose and glycoproteins
Role of Golgi Apparatus (and Golgi Vesicles)
- Modifies proteins and lipids by combining them with other proteins, lipids or carbohydrates
- Packages molecules into vesicles for transport
- Vesicles transport molecules for release from the cell
Draw a Golgi Apparatus
Does the Golgi Apparatus have a double or single membrane
Single
Describe the apperance of a lysosome
- Single membrane spheres
- Contianing hydrolytic enzymes
Describe role of lysosomes
Digest pathogens and damaged organelles