1.13. Suriyasutta — 1 The Sun — 1 (SN 56:37; V 442)

Question 1

suriyassa . . . udayato

Answer 1

“of the rising of the sun”; a masculine singular noun in the genitive case followed by the corresponding present participle of the verb udeti.

Question 2

pubbaṅgamaṃ

Answer 2

“forerunner”; a kammadhāraya compound of pubba, “before,” and gamaṃ, “going,” with -ṃ inserted for euphony becoming -ṅ- before the guttural consonant g-.

Question 3

pubbanimittaṃ

Answer 3

“sign”; more literally, “foresign,” a kammadhāraya compound of pubba and nimitta.

Question 4

aruṇuggaṃ

Answer 4

“start of the dawn”; a genitive tappurisa compound. Aruṇa, originally a reddish-brown color, comes to mean dawn. Aruṇugga is the time when the sky just begins to turn reddish brown.