11.1 Single-Case Experimental Designs

Question 0

____-____ ____ were developed from the need to determine whether an experimental manipulation had an effect on a single research participant.

Answer 0

Single-case experiments

Question 1

Single-case experimental designs have traditionally been called ____-____ ____; both terms are currently used and are equivalent.

Answer 1

single-subject designs

Question 2

In a single-case design, the subject’s behaviour is measured over time during a ____ control period.

Answer 2

baseline

Question 3

The manipulation is introduced during a ____ period, and the subject’s behaviour continues to be observed.

Answer 3

treatment

Question 4

A change in the subject’s behaviour from baseline to treatment period is ____ of the effectiveness of the manipulation.

Answer 4

evidence

Question 5

The problem, however, is that there could be many ____ for the change other than the experimental treatment.

Answer 5

explanations

Question 6

One method is to demonstrate the reversibility of the manipulation. A simple ____ ____ takes the following form: A (baseline period) – B (treatment period) – A ( baseline period).

Answer 6

reversal design

Question 7

The basic reversal design is called an ___ design: it requires observation of behaviour during the baseline control period, again during treatment period, and also during a second baseline period after the experimental treatment has been removed.

Answer 7

ABA design

Question 8

ABA design can be greatly improved by extending it to an ____ design, with in which the experimental treatment is introduced a second time. This can be extended even further.

Answer 8

ABAB design

Question 9

In a ____ ____ design, the effectiveness of the treatment is demonstrated when a behaviour changes only after the manipulation is introduced.

Answer 9

multiple baseline design

Question 10

In a multiple measures design, multiple measures taken over time before and after the manipulation, if the manipulation is effective a change in behaviour can be observed ____.

Answer 10

immediately

Question 11

In the multiple baseline ____ ____, the behaviour of several subjects is measured over time; for each subject, though, the manipulation is introduced at a different point in time.

Answer 11

across subjects

Question 12

A multiple baseline ____ ____, several different behaviours of a single subject are measured over time. At different times, the same manipulation is applied to each of the behaviours.

Answer 12

across behaviours

Question 13

In the multiple baseline ____ ____, the same behaviour is measured in different settings, such as at home or at work.

Answer 13

across situations