10.3 Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Question 1

stereotypes

Answer 1

the expectations, impressions, and opinions about the characteristics of members of a group

occur when attitudes and impressions are made based on limited and superficial information about a person or a group of individuals

Question 2

stereotype content model

Answer 2

attempts to classify stereotypes with respect to a hypothetical in-group using 2 dimensions : warmth and competence

Question 3

stereotype content model: warm groups

Answer 3

are not in direct competition with the in-group for resources

Question 4

stereotype content model: competent groups

Answer 4

have high status within society

Question 5

paternalistic stereotypes

Answer 5

the group is looked down upon as inferior, dismissed, or ignored

results when warmth is high but competence is low

ex. disabled people

Question 6

contemptuous stereotypes

Answer 6

the group is viewed with resentment, annoyance, or anger

results when both warmth and competence are low

example: poor people

Question 7

envious stereotypes

Answer 7

the group is viewed with jealousy, bitterness, or anger

result when competence is high but warmth is low

example: rich people

Question 8

admiration stereotypes

Answer 8

the group is viewed with pride and other positive feelings

results when both warmth and competency are high

example: those in one’s in group; close allies

Question 9

effect of stereotypes on the self-fulfilling prophecy

Answer 9

stereotypes lead to expectations of certain individuals

these expectations may create conditions that confirm the expectations

Question 10

stereotype threat

Answer 10

a concern or anxiety about confirming a negative stereotype about one’s social group

awareness of a stereotype may reduce in worse performance or avoidance of the performance altogether

Question 11

prejudice

Answer 11

an irrational positive or negative attitude toward a person, group, or thing prior to an actual experience with it/them

Question 12

propaganda

Answer 12

communication that is primarily used to influence or persuade an audience to further an agenda, which may not be objective and may be selectively presenting facts to encourage a particular perception

a common way by which large organization and political groups attempt to create prejudices in others

Question 13

3 important social factors that influence prejudice

Answer 13

power, prestige, and class

Question 14

power

Answer 14

the ability of people or groups to achieve their goals despite any obstacles, and the ability to control resources

Question 15

prestige

Answer 15

the level of respect shown to a person by others

Question 16

class

Answer 16

socioeconomic status

Question 17

ethnocentrism

Answer 17

the practice of making judgements about other cultures based on the value and beliefs of one’s own culture

Question 18

in group

Answer 18

a social group with which a person experiences a sense of belonging or identifies as a member

Question 19

out group

Answer 19

a social group with which an individual does not identify

Question 20

cultural relativism

Answer 20

a theory that social groups and cultures must be studied on their own terms to be understood; cultures differ fundamentally from one another, and so do the moral frameworks that structure relations within different societies

created as an attempt to avoid ethnocentrism

Question 21

prejudice vs discrimination

Answer 21

prejudice is an attitude, discrimination is a behaviour

Question 22

discrimination

Answer 22

occurs when prejudicial attitudes cause individuals of a particular group to be treated differently from others

the differences in actions toward different groups

Question 23

individual discrimination

Answer 23

one person discriminating against a particular person or group

usually conscious and obvious

Question 24

institutional discrimination

Answer 24

the discrimination against a particular person or group by an entire institution

more covert and harder to extricate than individual discrimination