10.3 Flashcards
what is a peer review
the process by which scientific papers are sent to other scientists who are experts in the field, for them read and approve before they are published
what does validity mean
how appropriate the study has been designed to answer the question
what does reliability mean
other scientists can repeat the methodology and obtain similar results, results are close to the mean
what is accuracy
how close the results are to the true value
what is bias
when a study has been influenced in some why to deliver a particular conclusion
what are the 3 main greenhouse gases
carbon dioxide
methane
water vapour
what is the greenhouse effect
the process by which gases in the earths atmosphere absorb and re-radiate the radiation from the sun which has been reflected from the earths surface, maintaining a temperature at the surface of the earth that is warm enough for life to exhist
what is dendrochronology
the dating of past events using tree-ring growth
how are frozen isotopes used in determining the air temperature over time
drill into ice and analyse the different layers of isotopes trapped in the ice, the proportion of isotopes reflects air temperature
what is the main source of methane
decay of organic materials
what is anthropogenic carbon dioxide
carbon dioxide produced by people
what is the difference between temperature and weather
weather - state of the atmosphere at a particular time and place with regard to temperature, rainfall humidity and wind
climate - average weather pattern in an area over many years
how does climate change cause rising sea levels
ice melts increasing volume of water in the sea
as temperature rises the volume of the sea increases
how can we conserve fish stocks
- controlling size of fishing nets so only catch intended fish
- banning fishing during breeding seasons
- imposing strict quotas on fishing fleets
- encouraging use of less damaging fishing methods
- banning the catch of several endangered species
