100 Dietary Diets And Nutrition Basics

Question 1

What is nutrition?

Answer 1

It is the bodily process of taking in and assimilating nutrients from food to support the body’s health and growth.

Question 2

What are the 6 main nutrients that the body needs?

Answer 2

Carbs
Fats
Proteins
Water
Vitamins
Minerals

Question 3

Which nutrients are required by the body in large amounts?

Answer 3

Carbs, Fats, Proteins
They are the only nutrients that provide the body with energy in the form of calories

Question 4

What are micronutrients and what do they do?

Answer 4

They are vitamins and minerals required in small amounts. They help to convert macronutrients into energy

Question 5

How are carbs used by the body?

Answer 5

They provide quick energy for the body because they can be broken down more easily than proteins and fats

Question 6

What are the 3 types of carbohydrates?

Answer 6

Simple carbs
Complex carbs
Fiber

Question 7

What are simple carbs?

Answer 7

Monosaccharides & Disaccharides
They have a simple chemical structure, taste pretty sweet (fruit), identified as glucose, galactose, fructose. They are the body’s main energy source

Question 8

What are complex carbs?

Answer 8

Polysaccharides
They have a complex chemical structure, take longer to break down, taste savory/starchy (potatoes)

Question 9

What is fiber?

Answer 9

A non-starch polysaccharide
It cannot be digested, does not provide calories, helps food move through the digestive tract

Question 10

What is the caloric value of carbohydrates?

Answer 10

Carbohydrates = 4 calories per gram

Question 11

What are the main types of fats?

Answer 11

Saturated, Unsaturated, Trans fats

Question 12

What are saturated fats?

Answer 12

They are a fat that has a single bond in their fatty acid chains and are commonly found in foods like butter, palm/coconut oil, cheese, and red meat.

Question 13

What are unsaturated fats?

Answer 13

Mono & Polyunsaturated
They contain omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and found in fish, nuts, seeds, avocados

Question 14

What are trans fats?

Answer 14

They are a type of unsaturated fat both naturally occurring in foods and in artificial form.
Trace concentrations occur naturally, large amounts are found in some processed foods and can lead to health issues

Question 15

Why are fats crucial for survival?

Answer 15

They maintain and protect cellular membranes
Provide high-density energy source containing 9 calories per gram
Absorb fat-soluble vitamins
Cushion organs
Insulate the body
The raw materials for creating Vitamin D and other hormones
Provide taste, consistency, stability, & satisfaction

Question 16

What are proteins?

Answer 16

Large complex molecules that are required for structure, function, and regulation of the body’s tissues and organs

Question 17

What are proteins made up of?

Answer 17

Amino acids that are attached to one another in a long chain to make up a protein

Question 18

Why are proteins important in diet?

Answer 18

They produce new tissue for growth
Repair damaged tissue
Provide enzymes that are essential for optimal digestion, protection, and immunity
Can be used as a source of energy as a last resort

*The body prefers to save proteins for growth, development, and repair

Question 19

Where are proteins found?

Answer 19

Animal sources: red meat, poultry, seafood, eggs, dairy

Plant sources: lentils, beans, quinoa, seeds, nuts, nutritional yeast, spirulina