10-24 Pharynx

Question 1

1) What is the PHARYNX

2) A: List the Layers of the Pharynx (from OUTSIDE–>in) [5]
B: What’s purpose of [Pharyngo-basilar fascia] ?

3) The PHARYNX is continuous with what body structure?

Answer 1

1) fibromuscular tube made of rigid [Pharyngobasilar fascia] & 3 overlapping constrictor muscles

2) A: 3 EXternal m.—> 3 internal m.–>[Pharyngobasilar fascia]
- —>submucosa—–>mucous membrane

B: Attached to skull base, this Fills Gaps inside Pharynx wall

3) PHARYNX is continuous with Esophagus

Question 2

A: What are the 3 EXternal Pharynx Muscles?

B: Where does each Originate and insert?

C: How are these muscles arranged and why are they like this?

Answer 2

1.< SUP Constrictor >
O: POST medial pterygoid plate
i: Pharyngeal raphe - leaving free upper edge–>closed by [Pharyngobasilar fascia]
—————————————————————————-
2. < Middle Constrictor >
O: Greatr / lesser horns of hyoid bone & lower stylohyoid ligament
i: Pharyngeal raphe
—————————————————————————-
3. < inferior Constrictor >
O: Thyroid Cartilage & Cricoid cartilage
i: Pharyngeal raphe & Esophageal muscles
—–—————-————————————-——————–*
C: the 3 constrictors OVERLAP each other like shingles = prevent Food from passing inbetween muscles

Question 3

A: What are the 3 inTernal Pharynx Muscles?

B: Where does each Originate and insert?

Answer 3

1.< Stylopharyngeus >
O: medial Styloid process
i: passes between SUP & middle constrictors to insert onto* POST thyroid cartilage lamina
—————————————————————————-
2. < Palatopharyngeus >
O: hard palate
i: POST thyroid cartilage lamina
—————————————————————————-
3. < Salpingopharyngeus >
O: Auditory tube cartilage
i: blends with < Palatopharyngeus > = POST thyroid cartilage lamina

Question 4

Buccopharyngeal Fascia [3]

Answer 4

ºLines outside pharynx forming ANT border of Retropharyngeal space

ºContinuous with esophageal fascia

ºConnects the 2 lobes of the pretracheal fascia

Question 5

List the 4 PHARYNX Blood supply Arteries AND their Parent Arteries

Answer 5

ALL pharynx muscles are innervated by CN10 EXCEPT:

• Stylopharyngeus m. = CN9 &
• [tensor veli palatini of oropharynx] = CN5-B3
• 1. Ascending pharyngeal a. [daughter of EXTERNAL CAROTID]

2. [Ascending palatine & tonsilar] a. [daughter of FACIAL a. ]
3. Descending palatine a. [daughter of MAXILLARY a.]
4. Pharyngeal branch [daughter of MAXILLARY a.]

Question 6

A) List the 7 components of the NASOPHARYNX

B) Where is this found?

Answer 6

A) 1. Choanae-holes leading into nasopharynx FROM nasal cavity

3. pharyngeal recess
4. auditory tube opening
5. [torus tubarius] = cartilage bump keeping internal end of auditory tube open
6. Salpingopharyngeal fold & muscle
7. ## Pharyngeal tonsils /AdenoidsB: INTERIOR PHARYNX

Question 7

A) List the 3 components of the OROPHARYNX

B) Where is this found?

Answer 7

A)

1. Palatine Tonsils: lie between palatine arches
2. Glossoepiglottic folds
3. Valleculae

B: INTERIOR PHARYNX

Question 8

A) List the 3 components of the LARYNGOPHARYNX

B) Where is this found?

Answer 8

A)

1. aryepiglottic folds
2. Piriform recess —food gets stuck here often!
3. Laryngeal inlet

B: INTERIOR PHARYNX

Question 9

THINGS TO KNOW!
ºThe Superior Thyroid Artery gives off the ____ ___ artery. This artery then pierces the thyrohyoid membrane along with the ___ ___ nerve.

• *What Parent Artery does the Superior Thyroid Artery come from?

ººº The INFerior Thyroid Artery gives off the ____ ___ ____. This artery Enters Larynx with brother ____ _____ _____ nerve.

Answer 9

ºSuperior Thyroid Artery gives off a daughter superior laryngeal artery. [sup laryngeal artery] pierces thyrohyoid membrane with INTERNAL LARYNGEAL NERVE

• *Superior Thyroid Artery comes from EXTERNAL CAROTID A.

ººº[INFerior Thyroid artery] gives off [inferior laryngeal artery] daughter, which Enters Larynx with brother [inferior Recurrent laryngeal nerve]

Question 10

Stylopharyngeus

• Origin
• Insertion
• Action
• Nerve innervation

Answer 10

1.< Stylopharyngeus >
ºO: medial Styloid process

ºi: passes between SUP & middle constrictors to insert onto Posterolateral thyroid cartilage

ºAction: Elevates larynx & pharynx to aid in swallowing

ºn: Glossopharyngeal CN9

Question 11

How are the Sigmoid Sinus V. and Internal Jugular Vein related?

Answer 11

[Sigmoid Sinus V.] inferiorly turns into —> [SUP Jugular Bulb]—–-> [Internal Jugular Vein]!
This drains the brain or you become insane!