07. The Ear and Hearing Flashcards
The Ear and Hearing
The human ear has a range between ____ Hz and ____ Hz
20 Hz to 20,000 Hz
2
The Ear and Hearing
The eat is most sensitive to sounds between ____Hz and ____Hz
750 Hz to 4000 Hz
2
The Ear and Hearing
The tone heard on an outer maker ILS system is ____Hz, and at the inner marker ____Hz
- 400 Hz
- 3000 Hz
2
The Ear and Hearing
The ability to hear high frequencies will INCREASE or DECREASE with age
DECREASE
2
The Ear and Hearing
Adults over 25 may not be able to hear tones above ____Hz
15,000 Hz
2
The Ear and Hearing
Adults over the age of 50 may not be able ot hear tones above ____Hz
12,000
2
The Ear and Hearing
The ear comprises of 3 major sections;
The ____ channels sound to the eardrum
The ossciles in the ____ transmit vibrations of the ear drum to the fluid in the ____.
This translates fluid vibrations into electrical auditor nerve signals.
- OUTER EAR
- MIDDLE EAR
- INNER EAR
2
The Ear and Hearing
An injury to the ear drum as a result of pressure changes is a form of what sort of trauma
BAROTRAUMA
153
The Ear and Hearing
The ear component that separates the outer ear from the middle ear
EAR DRUM
2
157
The Ear and Hearing
What is the name of the 3 bones that make up the ossicle in the inner ear
- MALLEUS
- INCUS
- STAPES
AKA - hammer, anvil, and stirrup
- Mallet is a form of hammer, mallet sounds like MALLEUS
- INCus (INK) sounds like TINK, the noise an anvil makes when hit
- Stirrup begins with “ST”, like STapes
2
152
The Ear and Hearing
- The middle ear is filled with what
- The inner ear is filled with what
- AIR
- LIQUID
- Sound waves which are compression waves in teh air, are collected by the OUTER ear
- Sound waves are directed onto the ear drum which vibrates
- The occicles in the MIDDLER EAR vibrate, and relay them to a window in the fluid filled INNER ear
- The cochlea lives in the middle ear
2
153
The Ear and Hearing
The bones malleus, incus, stapes make up what component of the auditory system
OSSICLE
2
152
The Ear and Hearing
“A coild up and gradually narrowing fluid filled tube”
This is the definition of what part of the inner ear
COCHLEA
2
The Ear and Hearing
What is the purpose of the eustachian tube
EQUIALISE AIR PRESSURE
equalise air pressure between outer and middle ear
3
153
The Ear and Hearing
You must not fly when you are suffering from what 2 conditions as this may result in a ruptured eardrum
- COLD
- EAR INFECTION
- A cold may block the eustachian tube, meaning air pressure cannot equalise between the middle and outer ear
3
153
The Ear and Hearing
What are the decibel (Db) levels of the following;
- Soundproofed room ____db
- Average office environment ____db
- Normal conversations ____db
- Large jet taking off ____db
- 0 db
- 50 db
- 70 db
- 120 db
3
The Ear and Hearing
What does NIHL stand for
NOISE INDUCED HEARING LOSS
3
157
The Ear and Hearing
Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) is what sort of trauma
ACOUSTIC TRAUMA
3
157
The Ear and Hearing
A hearing condition in which the sufferer hears sounds (high pitched tones)
TINNITUS
3
161
The Ear and Hearing
- Temporary hearing loss is unlikely at noise levels below ____dB
- You will likely suffer localised discomfort at noise levels at ____dB
- You will suffer pain at noise levels of ____dB
- Your eardrum may be ruptured at noise levels above ____dB
- 90 dB
- 120 dB
- 140 dB
- 160 dB
4
The Ear and Hearing
“hearing loss caused by failure of the sound conducting elements of the middle ear, the eardrum and the ossicles, and most likely to be the result of an infection of the middle ear or an accumulation of natural wax in the outer ear”
A defect with the MIDDLE or OUTER ear preventing sound from being transmitted to the inner ear is known as what
CONDUCTIVE DEAFNESS
4
161
The Ear and Hearing
What are 4 key causes of conductive deafness
- ____: glue ear
- ____ : bone growth
- ____ : physical damage
- ____ : excessive accumulation
- OTITIS MEDIA - glue ear
- OSTEOSCLEROSIS - bone growth interering with strape movement
- EAR DRUM - physical damage
- WAX - excessive accumulation
4
161
The Ear and Hearing
An age related hearing loss condition
PRESBYCUSIS
4
161
The Ear and Hearing
Prolonged exposure to sound levels above ____dB can cause gradual permanent hearing loss
90 dB
4
158
The Ear and Hearing
The name of the system that provides essential information for the body to maintain its posture and stabilise retinal images during head movements i.e. a sense of balance
VESTIBULAR SYSTEM
REMEMBER
* VE ery ST able = VE ST ibular
5
155
The Ear and Hearing
Lable the following components in the vestibular system
Saccule
Ampulla
Anterior Canal
Lateral Canal
Utricle
Posterior Canal
The Ear and Hearing
- The utricle is orientated ____
- The saccule is orientated ____
- HORIZONTALLY
- VERTICALLY
REMEMBER
1. Saccule = the Sky is straight up vertically
5
156
The Ear and Hearing
The hairs within the semi-circular canals sense displacement and send signalts to teh brain via what nerve
VESTIBULAR NERVE
The Ear and Hearing
- The utricle senses HORIZONTAL or VERTICAL acceleration
- The saccule senses HORIZONTAL or VERTICAL acceleration
- HORIZONTAL
- VERTICAL
5
The Ear and Hearing
“Accelerations detected by the vestibular system but not the visual system
i.e. feeling the acceleration of the aircraft but seeing a stationary bulkhead”
This is a definition of what
AIR SICKNESS
162
The Ear and Hearing
The name of the hair-like sensors within the utricle and saccule that have tiny crystals of calcium attached which sense the effects of gravity and linear acceleration
OTOLITHS
5
156
