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ATPL - BGS [Mod 1] Human Performance > 07. The Ear and Hearing > Flashcards

07. The Ear and Hearing Flashcards

1
Q

The Ear and Hearing

The human ear has a range between ____ Hz and ____ Hz

A

20 Hz to 20,000 Hz

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2
Q

The Ear and Hearing

The eat is most sensitive to sounds between ____Hz and ____Hz

A

750 Hz to 4000 Hz

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3
Q

The Ear and Hearing

The tone heard on an outer maker ILS system is ____Hz, and at the inner marker ____Hz

A
  1. 400 Hz
  2. 3000 Hz

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4
Q

The Ear and Hearing

The ability to hear high frequencies will INCREASE or DECREASE with age

A

DECREASE

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5
Q

The Ear and Hearing

Adults over 25 may not be able to hear tones above ____Hz

A

15,000 Hz

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6
Q

The Ear and Hearing

Adults over the age of 50 may not be able ot hear tones above ____Hz

A

12,000

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7
Q

The Ear and Hearing

The ear comprises of 3 major sections;

The ____ channels sound to the eardrum
The ossciles in the ____ transmit vibrations of the ear drum to the fluid in the ____.
This translates fluid vibrations into electrical auditor nerve signals.

A
  1. OUTER EAR
  2. MIDDLE EAR
  3. INNER EAR

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8
Q

The Ear and Hearing

An injury to the ear drum as a result of pressure changes is a form of what sort of trauma

A

BAROTRAUMA

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9
Q

The Ear and Hearing

The ear component that separates the outer ear from the middle ear

A

EAR DRUM

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10
Q

The Ear and Hearing

What is the name of the 3 bones that make up the ossicle in the inner ear

A
  1. MALLEUS
  2. INCUS
  3. STAPES

AKA - hammer, anvil, and stirrup

  • Mallet is a form of hammer, mallet sounds like MALLEUS
  • INCus (INK) sounds like TINK, the noise an anvil makes when hit
  • Stirrup begins with “ST”, like STapes

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11
Q

The Ear and Hearing

  1. The middle ear is filled with what
  2. The inner ear is filled with what
A
  1. AIR
  2. LIQUID

  • Sound waves which are compression waves in teh air, are collected by the OUTER ear
  • Sound waves are directed onto the ear drum which vibrates
  • The occicles in the MIDDLER EAR vibrate, and relay them to a window in the fluid filled INNER ear
  • The cochlea lives in the middle ear

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12
Q

The Ear and Hearing

The bones malleus, incus, stapes make up what component of the auditory system

A

OSSICLE

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13
Q

The Ear and Hearing

“A coild up and gradually narrowing fluid filled tube”

This is the definition of what part of the inner ear

A

COCHLEA

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14
Q

The Ear and Hearing

What is the purpose of the eustachian tube

A

EQUIALISE AIR PRESSURE
equalise air pressure between outer and middle ear

EAR

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15
Q

The Ear and Hearing

You must not fly when you are suffering from what 2 conditions as this may result in a ruptured eardrum

A
  1. COLD
  2. EAR INFECTION

  • A cold may block the eustachian tube, meaning air pressure cannot equalise between the middle and outer ear

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16
Q

The Ear and Hearing

What are the decibel (Db) levels of the following;

  1. Soundproofed room ____db
  2. Average office environment ____db
  3. Normal conversations ____db
  4. Large jet taking off ____db
A
  1. 0 db
  2. 50 db
  3. 70 db
  4. 120 db

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17
Q

The Ear and Hearing

What does NIHL stand for

A

NOISE INDUCED HEARING LOSS

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18
Q

The Ear and Hearing

Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) is what sort of trauma

A

ACOUSTIC TRAUMA

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19
Q

The Ear and Hearing

A hearing condition in which the sufferer hears sounds (high pitched tones)

A

TINNITUS

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20
Q

The Ear and Hearing

  1. Temporary hearing loss is unlikely at noise levels below ____dB
  2. You will likely suffer localised discomfort at noise levels at ____dB
  3. You will suffer pain at noise levels of ____dB
  4. Your eardrum may be ruptured at noise levels above ____dB
A
  1. 90 dB
  2. 120 dB
  3. 140 dB
  4. 160 dB

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21
Q

The Ear and Hearing

“hearing loss caused by failure of the sound conducting elements of the middle ear, the eardrum and the ossicles, and most likely to be the result of an infection of the middle ear or an accumulation of natural wax in the outer ear”

A defect with the MIDDLE or OUTER ear preventing sound from being transmitted to the inner ear is known as what

A

CONDUCTIVE DEAFNESS

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22
Q

The Ear and Hearing

What are 4 key causes of conductive deafness

  1. ____: glue ear
  2. ____ : bone growth
  3. ____ : physical damage
  4. ____ : excessive accumulation
A
  1. OTITIS MEDIA - glue ear
  2. OSTEOSCLEROSIS - bone growth interering with strape movement
  3. EAR DRUM - physical damage
  4. WAX - excessive accumulation

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23
Q

The Ear and Hearing

An age related hearing loss condition

A

PRESBYCUSIS

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24
Q

The Ear and Hearing

Prolonged exposure to sound levels above ____dB can cause gradual permanent hearing loss

A

90 dB

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25
Q

The Ear and Hearing

The name of the system that provides essential information for the body to maintain its posture and stabilise retinal images during head movements i.e. a sense of balance

A

VESTIBULAR SYSTEM

REMEMBER
* VE ery ST able = VE ST ibular

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26
Q

The Ear and Hearing

Lable the following components in the vestibular system

LINK HERE

Saccule
Ampulla
Anterior Canal
Lateral Canal
Utricle
Posterior Canal

A
  1. Posterior Canal
  2. Lateral Canal
  3. Anterior Canal
  4. Ampulla
  5. Utricle
  6. Saccule

ANSWERS HERE

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27
Q

The Ear and Hearing

  1. The utricle is orientated ____
  2. The saccule is orientated ____
A
  1. HORIZONTALLY
  2. VERTICALLY

REMEMBER
1. Saccule = the Sky is straight up vertically

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28
Q

The Ear and Hearing

The hairs within the semi-circular canals sense displacement and send signalts to teh brain via what nerve

A

VESTIBULAR NERVE

VESTIBULAR SYSTEM

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29
Q

The Ear and Hearing

  1. The utricle senses HORIZONTAL or VERTICAL acceleration
  2. The saccule senses HORIZONTAL or VERTICAL acceleration
A
  1. HORIZONTAL
  2. VERTICAL

5

30
Q

The Ear and Hearing

“Accelerations detected by the vestibular system but not the visual system
i.e. feeling the acceleration of the aircraft but seeing a stationary bulkhead”

This is a definition of what

A

AIR SICKNESS

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31
Q

The Ear and Hearing

The name of the hair-like sensors within the utricle and saccule that have tiny crystals of calcium attached which sense the effects of gravity and linear acceleration

A

OTOLITHS

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ATPL - BGS [Mod 1] Human Performance (22 decks)

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