wrong questions Flashcards
what is first line treatment recommended for pregnant women trying to stop smoking?
behavioural treatment
side efect of anti tuberculosis drugs?
low calcium, phosphate and high ALP
what may be heard from mesothelioma rather than asbestosis?
pleural rub
what pathological changes to the heart does hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy cause?
asymmetric hypertrophy of septum and apex
where is aspiration pneumonia most common?
right middle lobe
what is definition of COPD to diagnose?
-Chronic productive cough for at least 3 months in 2 years
paraneoplastic features of small cell lung cancer?
- ADH
- ACTH
- Lambert Eaton syndrome
paraneoplastic features of squamous cell cancer?
- PTHrp
- clubbing
- HPOA
what increases pulmonary compliance?
emphysema
most common cause of pleural transudate?
heart failure
what nerve supplies the pericardium?
phrenic nerve
during median sternotomy, what structure would routinely require division?
interclavicular ligament
what is CF associated with in men?
absent vas deferans
what are features of Kartageners syndrome?
- bronchiectasis
- chronic sinusitis
- situs inversus
where do the phrenic nerve lie?
-anterior to the hilum of the lungs
C3-5 keeps the diaphragm alive
where in the lung does coal workers pneumoconiosis affect?
upper
where are the peripheral chemoreceptors that respond to changes in CO2 stay?
-aortic arch
what does low pCO2 do to the oxygen curve?
shifts it to the left
most anterior structure in lung root?
phrenic nerve
which rib is parietal pleura in line with?
10th
what virus accounts for most common colds?
rhinovirus
what resp pathogen associated with CF is a contraindication to lung transportation?
Burkholderia Cenocepacia
what are the 5 causes of hypoxemia
- right to left shunt
- hypoventilation
- ventilation perfusion mismatch
- low inspired oxygen
- diffusion abnormality
what occurs to FEV1 as you age?
it decreases
antibiotic used for alcoholic patients who have pneumonia?
meropenem
used to treat klebsiella pneumoniae
why is a cavitating tumour caused and what type of lung cancer causes it ?
hypercalcaemia
-squamous cell lung cancer
first line treatment for fibrosis?
-HRCT
first line treatment for high suspicion of PE?
anticoagulant
most common causes of bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy
sarcoidosis and TB
how to tell the difference between cardiac pulmonary oedema and acute respiratory distress syndrome?
cardiac pulmonary oedema- pulmonary capillary wedge pressure is raised
what does pulmonary oedema look like on CXR?
fluffy white opacities and horizontal sharp white lines
