Wrist Conditions

Question 1

what is carpal tunnel

Answer 1

chronic compression of the median nerve by the transverse carpal ligament

Question 2

who is more likely to develop carpal tunnel

Answer 2

women

Question 3

name some conditions that can can predispose to carpal tunnel

Answer 3

RA, acromegaly, pregnancy, diabetes

Question 4

what does the medial nerve supply

Answer 4

LOAF muscles

Question 5

what are the loaf muscles

Answer 5

lumbricals 1+2
opponens pollicis
abductor pollicis brevis
flexor pollicis brevis

Question 6

clinical presentation of carpal tunnel

Answer 6

pins + needles
sensory involvement to radial 3 1/2 fingers
pain worse at night

Question 7

clinical signs of carpal tunnel

Answer 7

thenar atrophy

Question 8

investigation of carpal tunnel

Answer 8

nerve conduction studies

Question 9

conservative management of carpal tunnel

Answer 9

wrist splints at night to prevent flexion
corticosteroid injections

Question 10

surgical management of carpal tunnel

Answer 10

division of the transverse carpal ligament under local anaesthetic

Question 11

what is De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis

Answer 11

inflammation of the tendon sheaths within the first compartment

Question 12

who usually presents with De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis

Answer 12

women 30-50

Question 13

what is De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis associated with

Answer 13

pregnancy and RA

Question 14

clinical presentation of De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis

Answer 14

repetitive strain injury with pain over the radial styloid process at the wrist
radiates to into the forearm

Question 15

examination test for De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis

Answer 15

finklesteins test

Question 16

what is finklesteins test

Answer 16

patient makes a fist over the thumb and the hand is ulnar deviated to reproduce pain

Question 17

investigation of De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis

Answer 17

USS and x-ray to rule out OA

Question 18

management of De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis

Answer 18

splint, rest, physio, analgesia
surgical decompression if needed

Question 19

most frequently fractured carpal bone

Answer 19

scaphoid

Question 20

mechanism of injury of a scaphoid fracture

Answer 20

FOOSH

Question 21

clinical presentation of scaphoid fracture

Answer 21

pain and tenderness in the anatomical snuffbox

Question 22

conservative management of scaphoid fractures

Answer 22

cast

Question 23

operative management of scaphoid fractures

Answer 23

percutaneous screw fixation, ORIF

Question 24

complications of scaphoid fractures

Answer 24

non-union, AVN, early wrist OA

Question 25

mechanism of injury of a distal radius fracture

Answer 25

FOOSH

Question 26

what is a colles fracture

Answer 26

fracture of distal radius with posterior displacement of distal fragment

Question 27

what is another name for a smith fracture

Answer 27

reverse colles fracture

Question 28

what is a smith fracture

Answer 28

fracture of distal radius with anterior displacement of distal fragment

Question 29

what is a bartons fracture

Answer 29

intra-articular fracture of the distal radius with dislocation of the radiocarpal joint

Question 30

clinical presentation of distal radius fracture

Answer 30

wrist pain and swelling
wrist deformity

Question 31

clinical signs of distal radius fracture

Answer 31

ecchymosis and swelling
diffuse tenderness, limited motion

Question 32

name some complications of colles fractures

Answer 32

median nerve compression or bleed into the carpal tunnel