Soft Tissue Swellings Flashcards
where can a giant cell tumour of the tendon sheath be found
tendon sheath of the hands and feet
pathophysiology of a giant cell tumour of the tendon sheath
benign regenerative hyperplasia with inflammatory processes
clinical presentation of a giant cell tumour of the tendon sheath
firm, discreet swelling usually on the volar aspects of the digits
investigation of a giant cell tumour of the tendon sheath
imaging: x-ray, ultrasound, MRI
usually management of a giant cell tumour of the tendon sheath
leave alone if no functional issue
what is a mucous cyst
Outpouching of synovial fluid from DIP caused by early OA
who usually gets a mucous cyst
women 40-60
when may excision of a mucous cyst be considered
particularly deep/cracked nail ridges or constantly discharging
what is a ganglion cyst
outpouching of the synovium lining of joints and filled with synovial fluid
what can cause a ganglion cyst
can be developmental or as a result of underlying joint damage/arthritis with a build up of pressure in the joint
why is a ganglion cyst not seen as a true cyst
has no epithelial lining
where are ganglion cysts often seen
around the wrist
what is a sebaceous cyst
slow growing, painless, mobile swelling formed by blockage of the sebaceous gland
where do sebaceous originate from
the hair follicles
where do sebaceous cysts commonly occur
face, trunk and neck
management of a sebaceous cyst
may require excision +/- biopsy
what is an abscess
a discreet collection of pus
what can cause abscess on a limb
cellulitis, bursitis, penetrating wounds, infected sebaceous cysts
clinical presentation of an abscess
history of trauma or cellulitis
defined and fluctuant swelling
erythema, pain
management of an abscess
surgical excision + drainage
antibiotics
rest, elevation, analgesia and splint
what is nodular fasciitis
benign proliferation of fibroblastic and myofibroblast cells
clinical presentation of nodular fasciitis
young adults, upper extremity
rapidly growing, <5cm
circumscribed
management of nodular fasciitis
reassurance - spontaneous resolution and don’t recur
what is myositis ossificans
abnormal calcification of a muscle haematoma following trauma
clinical presentation of myositis ossificans
initial soft swelling which hardens over several weeks
where is myositis ossificans often associated with
insertions of large muscles of the arms and legs
investigations of myositis ossificans and positive findings
x-ray and MRI
shows peripheral mineralisation
management of myositis ossificans
observation, intervene if bothersome symptoms
MUST WAIT UNTIL MATURITY OF OSSIFICATION (6-12mths) or they’ll recur
what is bursitis
inflammation of the synovium-lined sacks that protect bony prominences and joints
what is a bunion
bursitis over the medial 1st metatarsal head in the hallux valgus
why does bursitis occur
repeated pressure or trauma
management of bursitis
NSAIDs, analgesia
antibiotics
