Elbow Conditions Flashcards
mechanism of injury of elbow dislocation
fall onto outstretched hand
what can a pulled elbow in a child lead to
sole radial head dislocation
clinical presentation of elbow dislocation
pain and swelling over the elbow
investigation of elbow dislocation
x-ray: AP and lateral
management of elbow dislocation
reduction + 2 weeks in sling, rehab
what is there a small risk of in elbow dislocation
radial head and corodontoid fractures
what is the usual mechanism of injury with supracondylar fracture
fallen onto outstretched hand
clinical presentation of supracondylar fracture
pain
refusal to move elbow
clinical signs of supracondylar fracture
gross deformity, swelling, ecchymosis
limited active elbow movement
XR sign of supracondylar fracture
posterior fat pad
conservative management of supracondylar fracture
cast
operative management of supracondylar fracture
reduction and percutaneous pinning
complication of supracondylar fracture
damage to the brachial artery
which nerve may also be at risk during a supracondylar fracture
median nerve
what is the olecranon
site of insertion of the triceps tendon
role of the olecranon
extension of the elbow
symptom of olecranon fracture
pain well localised to posterior elbow
conservative management of olecranon fracture
cast
operative management of olecranon fracture
tension band wiring, ORIF plate fixation
what is another name for lateral epicondylitis
tennis elbow
what usually causes tennis elbow
repeated or excessive pronation/supination and extension of the wrist
pathophysiology of tennis elbow
micro-tears in the common extensor origin
clinical presentation of tennis elbow
pain and tenderness over the lateral epicondyle to the attachment of the forearm
pain is worse on stretching muscles
conservative management of epicondylitis
rest, physio, injections of LA/steroids
what is another name for medial epicondylitis
golfers elbow
what causes golfers elbow
repetitive strain or degeneration of the common flexor origin
clinical presentation of golfers elbow
medial elbow pain with a tender point over the origin of the flexors
pain aggravated by wrist flexion and pronation
what is cubital tunnel syndrome
compression of the ulnar nerve at the elbow behind the medial epicondyle
who presents with cubital tunnel syndrome
> 30 yrs, male
pathophysiology of cubital tunnel syndrome
tight band of fascia on the roof of the tunnel or tightness at the intermuscular septum
early symptoms of cubital tunnel
ulnar pins + needles, pain and clumsiness
late symptoms of cubital tunnel
numbness, weakness
clinical signs of cubital tunnel
hypothenar and interosseous atrophy
clawing of ring and small finger
weakness of abductor digiti minimi
investigation of cubital tunnel
nerve conduction studies
conservative management of cubital tunnel
NSAIDs, activity modification
operative management of cubital tunnel
ulnar nerve decompression
