growth and development problems Flashcards
what does FAI stand for
femoroacetabular impingement syndrome
why does FAI occur
hip bones do not form normally during the childhood growing years
what is CAM type FAI
asymmetric femoral head with decreased head : neck ratio
who usually presents with CAM type FAI
young athletic males
what is a pincer type FAI
acetabular overhang
who usually presents with pincer type FAI
females
consequences of FAI
- Damage to the labrum and tears
- Damage to cartilage
- OA in later life
clinical presentation of FAI
activity related pain in the groin
difficulty sitting
clinical signs of FAI
- C sign positive
- FADIR provocation test positive
management of pincer impingement
Peri-acetabular osteotomy
what does SUFE stand for
slipped upper femoral epiphysis
what is SUFE
femoral head epiphysis slips inferiorly in relation to the femoral neck
who does SUFE usually present in
overweight pre‐pubertal adolescent boys
clinical presentation of SUFE
Hip, groin, thigh or knee pain with limp
can be bilateral
clinical signs of SUFE
- Antalgic gait
- lower limb: short, externally rotated, loss of internal rotation, loss of deep flexion
- pain at extreme hip range of movement
management of SUFE
urgent surgery to pin the femoral head
what is perthes disease
idiopathic avascular necrosis of the developing femoral head
who usually presents with perthes disease
boys 4-9
risk factors for perthes
family history, low birth weight, passive smoking, asian
pathophysiology of perthes
femoral head transiently loses its blood supply resulting in necrosis with subsequent abnormal growth
clinical presentation of perthes
pain and a limp
first clinical sign of perthes
loss of internal rotation
what is transient synovitis
Self‐limiting inflammation of the synovium of a joint
where does transient synovitis commonly affect
the hip
