pharmacology

Question 1

give an example of an NSAID

Answer 1

ibuprofen
naproxen

Question 2

MOA of NSAIDS

Answer 2

non-selective inhibitors of COX

Question 3

contraindication for NSAIDs

Answer 3

peptic ulcer disease

Question 4

adverse effects of NSAIDs

Answer 4

dyspepsia, peptic ulcers, bowel ulcers
renal impairment
exacerbation of asthma

Question 5

what is the first line DMARD

Answer 5

methotrexate

Question 6

MOA of methotrexate

Answer 6

folate antagonist

Question 7

what is co-prescribed with methotrexate

Answer 7

folic acid

Question 8

cautions for methotrexate

Answer 8

need to monitor FBC and LFTs
teratogenic

Question 9

what kind of drug is leflunomide

Answer 9

DMARD

Question 10

MOA of leflunomide

Answer 10

pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor

Question 11

what kind of drug is sulfasalazine

Answer 11

DMARD

Question 12

main complication of sulfasalazine

Answer 12

neutropenia

Question 13

name one complication of hydroxychloroquine

Answer 13

retinopathy

Question 14

give an example of an anti-TNF drug

Answer 14

infliximab

Question 15

what is the only anti-TNF currently liscenced in pregnancy

Answer 15

certolizumab

Question 16

complications of anti-TNF therapies

Answer 16

risk of infection e.g. TB
increase in skin cancer

Question 17

what is rituximab

Answer 17

monoclonal antibody against B lymphocytes

Question 18

toclizumab

Answer 18

inhibits IL6

Question 19

MOA of tofacitinib

Answer 19

Janus Kinase inhibitor

Question 20

MOA of corticosteroids

Answer 20

increase transcription of anti-inflammatory proteins and decreases transcription of pro-inflammatory proteins

Question 21

name some complications of corticosteroids

Answer 21

weight gain
muscle wasting
diabetes
hypertension
cataract, glaucoma

Question 22

main indication of allopurinol

Answer 22

gout prophylaxis

Question 23

MOA of allopurinol

Answer 23

xanthine oxidase inhibitor

Question 24

what is allopurinol contraindicated in

Answer 24

renal impairment

Question 25

adverse effects of allopurinol

Answer 25

rash marrow aplasia

Question 26

indication of febuxostat

Answer 26

gout prophylaxis when allopurinol isn't indicated

Question 27

name 2 indications of oral bisphosphonates

Answer 27

first line in osteoporosis pagets disease of bone

Question 28

name 3 side effects associated with prolonged use of oral bisphosphonates

Answer 28

osteonecrosis of the jaw oesophageal carcinoma atypical fractures

Question 29

what is zalendronic acid

Answer 29

an IV bisphosphonate

Question 30

adverse effect of zalendronic acid

Answer 30

acute phase reaction with first infusion treat with paracetamol