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musculoskeletal > pharmacology > Flashcards

pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

give an example of an NSAID

A

ibuprofen
naproxen

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2
Q

MOA of NSAIDS

A

non-selective inhibitors of COX

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3
Q

contraindication for NSAIDs

A

peptic ulcer disease

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4
Q

adverse effects of NSAIDs

A

dyspepsia, peptic ulcers, bowel ulcers
renal impairment
exacerbation of asthma

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5
Q

what is the first line DMARD

A

methotrexate

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6
Q

MOA of methotrexate

A

folate antagonist

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7
Q

what is co-prescribed with methotrexate

A

folic acid

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8
Q

cautions for methotrexate

A

need to monitor FBC and LFTs
teratogenic

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9
Q

what kind of drug is leflunomide

A

DMARD

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10
Q

MOA of leflunomide

A

pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor

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11
Q

what kind of drug is sulfasalazine

A

DMARD

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12
Q

main complication of sulfasalazine

A

neutropenia

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13
Q

name one complication of hydroxychloroquine

A

retinopathy

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14
Q

give an example of an anti-TNF drug

A

infliximab

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15
Q

what is the only anti-TNF currently liscenced in pregnancy

A

certolizumab

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16
Q

complications of anti-TNF therapies

A

risk of infection e.g. TB
increase in skin cancer

17
Q

what is rituximab

A

monoclonal antibody against B lymphocytes

18
Q

toclizumab

A

inhibits IL6

19
Q

MOA of tofacitinib

A

Janus Kinase inhibitor

20
Q

MOA of corticosteroids

A

increase transcription of anti-inflammatory proteins and decreases transcription of pro-inflammatory proteins

21
Q

name some complications of corticosteroids

A

weight gain
muscle wasting
diabetes
hypertension
cataract, glaucoma

22
Q

main indication of allopurinol

A

gout prophylaxis

23
Q

MOA of allopurinol

A

xanthine oxidase inhibitor

24
Q

what is allopurinol contraindicated in

A

renal impairment

25
Q

adverse effects of allopurinol

A

rash
marrow aplasia

26
Q

indication of febuxostat

A

gout prophylaxis when allopurinol isn’t indicated

27
Q

name 2 indications of oral bisphosphonates

A

first line in osteoporosis
pagets disease of bone

28
Q

name 3 side effects associated with prolonged use of oral bisphosphonates

A

osteonecrosis of the jaw
oesophageal carcinoma
atypical fractures

29
Q

what is zalendronic acid

A

an IV bisphosphonate

30
Q

adverse effect of zalendronic acid

A

acute phase reaction with first infusion
treat with paracetamol

musculoskeletal (30 decks)

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