pharmacology Flashcards
give an example of an NSAID
ibuprofen
naproxen
MOA of NSAIDS
non-selective inhibitors of COX
contraindication for NSAIDs
peptic ulcer disease
adverse effects of NSAIDs
dyspepsia, peptic ulcers, bowel ulcers
renal impairment
exacerbation of asthma
what is the first line DMARD
methotrexate
MOA of methotrexate
folate antagonist
what is co-prescribed with methotrexate
folic acid
cautions for methotrexate
need to monitor FBC and LFTs
teratogenic
what kind of drug is leflunomide
DMARD
MOA of leflunomide
pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor
what kind of drug is sulfasalazine
DMARD
main complication of sulfasalazine
neutropenia
name one complication of hydroxychloroquine
retinopathy
give an example of an anti-TNF drug
infliximab
what is the only anti-TNF currently liscenced in pregnancy
certolizumab
complications of anti-TNF therapies
risk of infection e.g. TB
increase in skin cancer
what is rituximab
monoclonal antibody against B lymphocytes
toclizumab
inhibits IL6
MOA of tofacitinib
Janus Kinase inhibitor
MOA of corticosteroids
increase transcription of anti-inflammatory proteins and decreases transcription of pro-inflammatory proteins
name some complications of corticosteroids
weight gain
muscle wasting
diabetes
hypertension
cataract, glaucoma
main indication of allopurinol
gout prophylaxis
MOA of allopurinol
xanthine oxidase inhibitor
what is allopurinol contraindicated in
renal impairment
adverse effects of allopurinol
rash
marrow aplasia
indication of febuxostat
gout prophylaxis when allopurinol isn’t indicated
name 2 indications of oral bisphosphonates
first line in osteoporosis
pagets disease of bone
name 3 side effects associated with prolonged use of oral bisphosphonates
osteonecrosis of the jaw
oesophageal carcinoma
atypical fractures
what is zalendronic acid
an IV bisphosphonate
adverse effect of zalendronic acid
acute phase reaction with first infusion
treat with paracetamol
