Wrist and Hand Flashcards
Radius is ___ relative to the carpals
Biconcave
Ulna is ___ at its distal end relative to the triquetrum
Convex
Proximal aspect of proximal row is
Biconvex
Distal aspect of proximal row is
Concave
Metacarpal heads are ____
Biconvex
Phalanges’ proximal ends are mostly ___
Biconcave
Phalanges’ distal ends are mostly ___
Biconvex
Dorsal radiocarpal joint limits
flexion, pronation, and some radial deviation
Radiocarpal joint - articulation
Convex scaphoid and lunate articulate with concave radius
Carpometacarpal joint - articulation - First CMC is what
A saddle articulation
Trapezium convex in med/lat direction, concave in ant/post direction
Carpometacarpal joint - articulation - 2nd through 5th CMC
flat between bases of metacarpals and distal row of carpals
MCP joints - articulation
Convex metacarpals with concave proximal phalanges
PIP joints - articulation
Convex distal aspect of proximal phalanges with concave proximal aspect of middle phalanges
Wrist flexors
Flexor carpi radialis
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Palmaris longus
Flexor digitorum profundus
Wrist extensors
Extensor digitorum
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Radial deviators
Flexor carpi radialis
Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
Ulnar deviators
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexor digitorum profundus
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Extrinsic finger flexors
Flexor digitorum superficialis - to PIP joint
Flexor digitorum profundus
Extrinsic finger extensors
Extensor digitorum
Intrinsic muscles
Thenar mm Hypothenar mm Lumbricals Dorsal interossei Palmar interossei
Intrinsic muscles - thenar mm
Abductor pollicis brevis
Opponens pollicis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Adductor pollicis
Intrinsic muscles - hypothenar mm
adductor digiti minimi
opponens digiti minimi
flexor digiti minimi
Lumbricals do what
Flex MCP
Ext IP
Radially deviate MCP
Dorsal interossei do what
ABD
Palmar interossei do what
ADD
Collateral finger ligaments run
separately from lateral condyle to distal phalanx and lateral volar plate at each MP, PIP, and DIP
Accessory finger ligaments run from
condylar head to volar plate
Transverse finger ligaments are present at
MCP joints
Wrist Radial Collateral Ligament - limits
Ulnar deviation
Wrist Ulnar Collateral Ligament - limits
Radial deviation
Wrist Palmar Ulnocarpal ligament - limits
Extension and supination
Wrist Palmar Radiocarpal Ligament - limits
Extension and supination through knuckles
Extensor hood - expansion of
Extensor digitorum mm
Extensor hood - pupose
Assist with extension of PIP and DIP joints
Volar Plate - present on
Palmar aspect of MCP, PIP, and DIP joints
Volar plate - functions to
increase articular surface during extension and protect joint volarly
Volar plate is more mobile at MCP than at IPs
PIPs and DIPs - biomechanics - during flexion the digits
rotate radially to enhance grasp and opposition
MCPs - biomechanics - during flexion, digits
rotate radially
First CMC - during flex/ext
Concave on convex
First CMC - during abd/add
Convex on concave
First CMC - during flex and abd
First MC rotates ulnarly
First CMC - during ext and add
First MC rotates radially
Wrist biomechanics - flexion
Proximal scaphoid/lunate glide dorsally relative to radius
Wrist biomechanics - extension
Proximal scaphoid.lunate glide ventrally relative to radius
Wrist biomechanics - Radial deviation
Proximal row glides ulnarly
Proximal surface of scaphoid rotates palmarly
Wrist biomechanics - Ulnar deviation
Proximal row glides radially as a unit