Shoulder

Question 1

Humerus - articular surface is covered with

Answer 1

hyaline cartilage

Question 2

Humerus - head is retroverted

Answer 2

20 to 30 degrees

Question 3

Humerus - longitudinal axis of the head is

Answer 3

135 degrees from axis of neck

Question 4

Scapula - sits over

Answer 4

2nd to 7th ribs

Question 5

Scapula - lateral angle has the

Answer 5

glenoid fossa which faces ant, lat, sup

Question 6

Scapula - glenoid fossa - allows for

Answer 6

freer ROM in abduction and flexion

Question 7

Scapula - glenoid fossa - con___

Answer 7

Concave fossa receives convex humeral head

Question 8

Clavicle - links

Answer 8

Manubrium to acromion

Connects shoulder complex to axial skeleton

Question 9

GH joint - articulations

Answer 9

Convex humeral head with concave glenoid fossa

Glenoid fossa is shallow

Question 10

Sternoclavicular joint - articulations

Answer 10

Convex (sup/inf) and Concave (ant/post) articulates with reciprocal shape of sternum

Question 11

Sternoclavicular joint - articulations are covered with

Answer 11

fibrocartilage

Question 12

Scapular elevation

Answer 12

Trap (upper)
Levator scap
Rhomboids (maj and min)

Question 13

Scapular depression

Answer 13

Trap (lower)
SA
Pec minor
Lat dorsi
Pec major (lower)

Question 14

Scapular abduction/protraction

Answer 14

Pec major and minor

SA

Question 15

Scapular adduction/retraction

Answer 15

Rhomboids major and minor

Trap

Question 16

Upward scapular rotation

Answer 16

Trap (up and low)

SA (up and low)

Question 17

Downward scapular rotation

Answer 17

Levator scap
Rhomboid maj and min
Pec minor

Question 18

Arm abduction

Answer 18

Deltoid

Supraspinatus

Question 19

Arm adduction

Answer 19

Lat dorsi
Pec major (up and low)
Teres major
Coracobrachialis

Question 20

Arm flexion

Answer 20

Pec major (up and low)
Deltoid (ant)
Coracobrachialis
Biceps brachii

Question 21

Arm extension

Answer 21

Lat dorsi
Pec major (up and low)
Deltoid (post)
Triceps (long)
Teres major

Question 22

Arm IR

Answer 22

Lat dorsi
Pec major (up and low)
Deltoid (ant)
Teres major
Subscapularis

Question 23

Arm ER

Answer 23

Deltoid (post)
Infraspinatus
Teres minor

Question 24

Spinal accessory innervates

Answer 24

Upper trap

Question 25

Medial pectoral innervates

Answer 25

Pec minor

Question 26

Lateral pectoral innervates

Answer 26

Pec major

Question 27

Long thoracic innervates

Answer 27

SA

Question 28

Dorsal scap innervates

Answer 28

Levator scap | Rhomboids

Question 29

Suprascapular innervates

Answer 29

Supraspinatus | Infraspinatus

Question 30

Axillary innervates

Answer 30

Deltoid and teres minor

Question 31

Musculocutaneous innervates

Answer 31

Coracobrachialis

Question 32

Thoracodorsal innervates

Answer 32

Latissimus dorsi

Question 33

Subscapular innervates

Answer 33

Teres major | Subscapularis

Question 34

Capsule - attaches where

Answer 34

Med - to glenoid margin, labrum, coracoid process | Lat - humeral anatomical neck and descends 1cm on shaft

Question 35

Capsule - supported by

Answer 35

Tendons of supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscap and long head of triceps

Question 36

Capsule - where is it least supported and most lax

Answer 36

Inferiorly

Question 37

Coracohumeral ligament goes from

Answer 37

Base of coracoid process to greater and lesser tubercle of humerus

Question 38

Primary function of coracohumeral ligament

Answer 38

Reinfoce biceps tendon Reinforce superior capsule Prevent caudal dislocation of humerus Taut with ER

Question 39

Coracoacromial ligament - Runs from

Answer 39

Coracoid to acromion

Question 40

Glenohumeral ligament - reinforces what

Answer 40

Anterior GH capsule

Question 41

Glenohumeral ligament consists of what

Answer 41

``` Three bands (sup, mid, inf) Located on anterior GH joint ```

Question 42

Transverse humeral ligament - where is it

Answer 42

Broad band passing over top of bicipital groove

Question 43

Transverse humeral ligament - acts as

Answer 43

retinaculum for long biceps tendon

Question 44

Labrum - is a

Answer 44

fibrocartilaginous ring that deepens the glenoid fossa

Question 45

Labrum - attached to

Answer 45

Capsule sup and inf | To long head of biceps sup

Question 46

Labrum - internal surface is covered with

Answer 46

articular cartilage | Thicker peripherally and thinner centrally

Question 47

Labrum - aids in

Answer 47

Lubrication and serves to protect the bone

Question 48

Bursae - primary one involved in pathology

Answer 48

Subacromial - located between deltoid and capsule | Also runs under acromion and coracoacromial ligament btw supraspinatus tendon

Question 49

Biomechanics - GH joint - with flexion

Answer 49

Convex on concave (opposite) - head of humerus moves inferiorly

Question 50

Biomechanics - elevation at GH joint - what happens

Answer 50

At about 75 degrees of elevation, ER occurs preventing compression of greater tubercle against acromion

Question 51

Scapulohumeral rhythm is

Answer 51

Ratio of movement of GH with the scapulothroacic joint

Question 52

Scapulohumeral rhythm - with 180 degrees of abduction what is ratio of movement between the two joints

Answer 52

2:1 | 120 degrees at GH and 60 at scapulothoracic

Question 53

Scapulohumeral rhythm - first 30-60 degrees of elevation occurs at which joint

Answer 53

GH

Question 54

Requirements for full elevation

Answer 54

``` 1 Scapular stabilization 2 Inferior glide of humerus 3 ER of humerus 4 Rotation of clavicle at sternoclavicular joint Scapular abduction and ER of AC joint Straightening of thoracic kyphosis ```