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NPTE MS > Foot and ankle conditions > Flashcards

Foot and ankle conditions Flashcards

1
Q

Ligament sprains - most common

A

95% involve lateral ligaments

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2
Q

Ligament sprains - with lateral sprains - the foot is ____ at time of injury

A

PF and inverted

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3
Q

Ligaments sprains - grading system - grade 1

A

no loss of function, minimal tearing of anterior talofibular ligament

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4
Q

Ligament sprains - grading system - grade 2

A

some loss of function, partial disruption of anterior talofibular ligament and calcaneofibular ligaments

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5
Q

Ligament sprains - grading system - grade 3

A

complete loss of function with complete tearing of anterior talofibular and calcaneofibular ligaments wiht partial tear of posterior talofibular ligement

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6
Q

Fractures of foot and ankle - unimalleolar involves

A

medial or lateral malleolus

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7
Q

Fractures of foot and ankle - bimalleolar involves

A

both medial and lateral malleoli

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8
Q

Fractures of foot and ankle - trimalleolar involves

A

both medial and alteral malleoli and posterior tubercle of distal tibia

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9
Q

Fractures of foot and ankle - what types are most concern and have high complication rate

A

Type 3 and 4 fractures (using salter harris classification)

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10
Q

Fractures of foot and ankle - type three anatomical deformity salter harris

A

portion of epiphysis

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11
Q

Fractures of foot and ankle - type four anatomical deformity salter harris

A

portion of the epiphysis and portion of the metaphysis

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12
Q

Tarsal tunnel syndrome - is what

A

entrapment of posterior tibial nerve or one of its branches within the tarsal tunnel

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13
Q

tarsal tunnel syndrome - how does it happen

A

over/excessive pronation, overuse problems resulting in tendonitis of long flexor and posterior tibialis tendon, and trauma may compromise space in tarsal tunnel

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14
Q

Flexor hallicus tendonopathy - commonly seen in who

A

ballet performers

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15
Q

Pes cavus - deformity observes

A 
hollow foot
increased height of longitudinal arches
dropping of anterior arch 
metatarsal heads lower than hindfoot
PF and splaying of forefoot, and claw toes
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16
Q

Equinus - deformity observed

17
Q

Equinus - compensation secondary to limited DF includes

A

subtalar or midtarsal pronation

18
Q

Hallux valgus - deformity observed

A

medial deviation of head of first metatarsal from midline of body
metatarsal and base of proximal first phalanx move medially, while distal phalanx moves laterally

19
Q

Metatarsalgia - etiology - mechanical

A

tight triceps surae and/or achilles, collapse of transverse arch, short first ray, pronation of forefoot

20
Q

Metatarsalgia - frequent complaint heard is

A

Pain at first and second metatarsal heads after long periods of WB

21
Q

Charcot Marie Tooth disease - is what

A

Peroneal mm atrophy affects motor and sensory nerves

22
Q

Charcot marie tooth disease - can begin in

A

childhood or adulthood

23
Q

Charcot marie tooth disease - initially affects mm in

A

lower leg and foot and then progresses to mm of hand and forearm

24
Q

Plantar fasciitis - s/s

A

limited ROM of first MTP and talocrural joint
tight triceps surae
rigid cavus foot
acute injury from excessive loading of foot

25
Q

Plantar fasciitis results in

A

microtears at attachment of plantar fascia

26
Q

Forefoot/Rearfoot deformities - Rearfoot varus - etiology can be

A

Abnormal mechanical aligment of tibia
Shortened rearfoot soft tissue
malunion of calcaneous

27
Q

Forefoot/Rearfoot deformities - Rearfoot varus - deformity observed

A

rigid inversion of calcaneus when subtalar joint is in neutral position

28
Q

Forefoot/Rearfoot deformities - Rearfoot valgus - etiology

A

abnormal mechanical aligment of knee (genu valgum) or tibial valgus

29
Q

Forefoot/Rearfoot deformities - Rearfoot valgus - deformity observed

A

eversion of calcaneus with subtalar neutral

30
Q

Forefoot/Rearfoot deformities - Rearfoot valgus - due to increased

A

mobility of the hindfoot

31
Q

Forefoot/Rearfoot deformities - fewer musculoskeletal probelms occur with which - rearfoot varus or valgus

A

Fewer with valgus

32
Q

Forefoot/Rearfoot deformities - Forefoot varus - etiology

A

congenita abnormal deviation of head and neck of talus

33
Q

Forefoot/Rearfoot deformities - Forefoot varus - defotmity observed

A

inversion of forefoot with subtalar neutrl

34
Q

Forefoot/Rearfoot deformities - Forefoot valgus - etiology

A

congenital abnormality of development of head and neck of talus

35
Q

Forefoot/Rearfoot deformities - Forefoot valgus - deformity observed

A

eversion of forefoot with subtalar neutral

NPTE MS (29 decks)

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