Hip Flashcards
Femoral head is oriented
sup, ant, and med
Femoral head is covered with
articular cartilage (except fovea capitis)
Femur - angle of inclination is normally
115-125
Femur - angle of inclination - coxa vara is when
angle is more than 125
Femur - angle of inclination - coxa valga is when
angles is less than 115
Femoral neck angles in what way
anteriorly 10-15 degrees to form an anterior antetorsion angle
Femoral neck - anteversion: considered excessive if anterior antetorsion angle is
more than 25 to 30 degrees
Femoral neck - retroversion: considered excessive if anterior antetorsion angle is
less than 10 degrees
Acetabulum faces
laterally, inf, and ant
Acetabular fossa
Center of the acetabulum - non articulating and is filled with fat pad for shock absorption
Hip joint is
synovial joint
Hip joint - con
Convex femoral head with concave acetabulum
Hip flexors
Iliopsoas
Sartorius
TFL
Rectus femoris
Hip adductors
Pectineus
Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Gracilis
Hip abductors
Sartorius
Glut med
Glut min
TFL
Hip extensors
Glut max
Biceps femoris
Semitendinosus
Hip IRs
Glut med Glut min TFL Adductor longus and brevis Pectineus Semitendinosus Semimembranosus
Hip ERs
Glut max Obterator internus Piriformis Sartorius Gemeli Biceps femoris Quadratus femoris Sartorius Iliopsoas
Capsule - encloses
the entire joint
Labrum - made up of
Fibrocartilage
Labrum - shape
triangular shape - thickest superiorly
Attaches to bony rim of acetabulum, bridging the notch
Labrum - serves to
deepen the acetabulum
Labrum - inner surface is lined with
articular cartilage and outer surface connects to joint capsule
Iliofemoral ligament (or Y or igament of bigelow)
Two bands - starting from AIIS
Medial to distal intertrochanteric line
Lateral to proximal intertrochanteric line
Iliofemoral ligament - bands are taut with
extension and ER
superior band - with adduction
inferior band - with abduction
Pubofemoral ligament - Runs from
iliopectineal eminence, superior rami of pubis, obturator crest, and obturator membrane
Laterally blends with capsule
Inserts on distal intertrochanteric line
Pubofemoral ligament - taut with
Extension, ER and abduction
Ischiofemoral ligament - runs from
ischium and posterior acetabulum, sup and lat, blending with zona articularis
Attaches to greater trochanter
Ischiofemoral ligament is taut with
Medial rotation, adduction, and extension
Zona Orbicularis - runs from
circular pattern around femoral neck
Zona Orbicularis - function
NO bony attachments
Hold head of femur in acetabulum
Inguinal ligament - runs from
ASIS medially and inferiorly to pubic tubercle
Forms tunnel for arteries, nerves, veins
Bursae - Subtendinous Iliac - located
between hip and os pubis
Bursae - Iliopectineal - located
between tendons of psoas major, iliacus, and capsule
Lies close to femoral nerve
Bursae - Ischiofemoral - located
Between ischial tuberosity and glut max
Might cause pain in sciatic distribution
Bursae - Deep trochanteric - located
Between glut max and post lat greater troch
Might cause pain with hip flex and IR due to compression of glut max
Bursae - superficial trochanteric - located
over greater troch
What supplies proximal femur
Medial and lateral circumflex
What supplies femoral head
Small branch off obturator artery
What supplies acetabulum
branches from superior and inferior gluteal arteries
Biomechanics -
Convex (femoral head) on Concave (acetabulum)
OPPOSITE!
