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Kinesiology > Wrist And Hand > Flashcards

Wrist And Hand Flashcards

1
Q

What jts are included in the wrist/hand complex

A 
Distal radioulnar
Wrist complex (radiocarpal and midcarpal)
Carpometacarpal
Metacarpophalangeal
Interphalangeal
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2
Q

T/F The structure and biomechanics of the wrist and hand are consistent between people

A

False: vary tremendously

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3
Q

Subtle differences in structure of the hand/wrist can….

A

Produce differences in the way of a given function

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4
Q

Describe the wrist jt (complex)

A

A biaxial, condyloid jt between
Radius with scaphoid, lunate and triquetrum (radiocarpal)
Scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum with trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate (midcarpal)

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5
Q

What are the benefits of a the 2 jt system in the wrist

A

Permits large ROM w less exposed articular surfaces and tighter jt capsule

Less tendency for a pinch during extremes of motion

Allows for flatter multi-jt surfaces (more capable to withstand imposed pressures)

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6
Q

Describe the proximal component of the radiocarpal jt

A

Concave surfaces of radius and adjacent art. Disc

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7
Q

Describe the distal component of the radiocarpal jt

A

Convex proximal surface of scaphoid and lunate

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8
Q

Describe the medial compartment of the midcarpal jt

A

Convex head of capitate and apex of hamate withdrawal the concave recess of scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum

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9
Q

Describe the lateral compartment of the midcarpal jt

A

Convex distal pole of the scaphoid with concave proximal trapezium and trapezoid

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10
Q

Though wrist ligaments are small and difficult to isolate, they are essential for

A

Maintaining intercarpal alignment

Transferring forces within and across carpals

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11
Q

The triangular Fibrocartilage complex at the wrist functions to

A

Bind distal ends of the ulna and radius while allowing the radius to rotate around the ulna

Reinforces ulnar side of the wrist and transfers compression force

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12
Q

Passive structures of the wrist jt include

A

Triangular fibrocartilage complex
Extensor retinaculum
Palmar carpal ligament

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13
Q

The extensor retinaculum prevents…

A

Bowstringing with active movement of the wrist

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14
Q

The palmar carpal ligament is analogous to

A

Extensor retinaculum

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15
Q

Carpal tunnel syndrome is when

A

The median nerve is compressed or mechanically stressed

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16
Q

Factors that contribute to CTS

A

overcrowding
Excessive mechanical stress
Fibrotic changes of connective tissue

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17
Q

Osteokinematics of the wrist jt

A

Flex/ext

Radial/ulnar dev

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18
Q

Describe the convex-concave relationship in the wrist

A

Convex on concave at radiocarpal and midcarpal jts

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19
Q

Arthrokinematics of flexion at the wrist

A

Anterior roll posterior glide

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20
Q

Arthrokinematics of ext at the wrist

A

Posterior roll anterior glide

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21
Q

Arthrokinematics of radial deviation

A

Lateral roll, medial glide

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22
Q

Arthrokinematics of ulnar dev

A

Medial roll lateral glide

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23
Q

Describe the closed packed position of the wrist

A

Full ext with radial dev

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24
Q

Describe the open packed position for the wrist

A

Neutral flex/ext with slight ulnar dev

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25
Q

Capsular pattern for the wrist

A

Flexion=extension, slight radial and ulnar dev

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26
Q

What is the main function of the wrist extensors

A

Position and stabilize activities that require active flexion of the digits (counterbalance wrist flexor torque)

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27
Q

Why does 30 degrees of wrist extension allow for max grip

A

This position optimizes the length-tension relationship of extrinsic finger flexors

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28
Q

What muscles act synergistically for oppose ulnar and radial dev during active wrist flexion

A

FCU and FCR

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29
Q

Peak wrist flexion torque is at

A

40 degrees of wrist flexion

30
Q

What are the jts of the hand

A

Carpometacarpal
Metacaropophalangeal
Interphalangeal (PIP, DIP)

31
Q

Describe the CMCs

A

Articulates 1st - 5th metacarpals with the trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate
1st: saddle jt
2-5: plane jt

32
Q

What are the passive structures of the 1st CMC jt?

A 
Anterior oblique
First intermetacarpal
Posterior oblique
Ulnar collateral 
Radial collateral
33
Q

What are the passive structures of the 2nd-5th CMC jts?

A

Dorsal Carpometacarpal lig
Palmar Carpometacarpal lig
Dorsal intrmetacarpal lig
Palmar intermetacarpal lig

34
Q

What are the Osteokinematics of the 1st cmc jt

A

Flex/ext
Abd/add
Opp/rep

35
Q

Arthrokinematics of abd at the 1st cmc jt

A

Anterior roll posterior glide

36
Q

During abd/add at the 1st cmc jt, the _____________ articular surface of the 1st metacarpal moves on the __________ trapezium

A

Convex

Concave

37
Q

Arthrokinematics of add at the 1st cmc jt

A

Posterior roll anterior glide

38
Q

Arthrokinematics of flexion of the 1st cmc jt

A

Medial roll and glide

39
Q

Describe the concave-convex relationship of flex/ext at the 1st cmc jt

A

Concave surface of metacarpal moving on convex diameter of the trapezium

40
Q

Arthrokinematics of extension of the 1st cmc jt

A

Lateral roll and glide

41
Q

Opposition/reposition of the 1st cmc j is a combination of

A

Flex/ext and add/abd

42
Q

Arthrokinematics of opposition at the 1s cmc jt

A

Abduction , flexion

43
Q

Osteokinematics of reposition at the 1st cmc jt

A

Adduction and extension

44
Q

Osteokinematics of cmc jts 2-5

A

Flexion /ext

45
Q

What is the open packed position of the 1st cmc jt

A

Mid flex/ext and min abd/add

46
Q

Where is the closed packed position of the 1st cmc jt

A

Full opposition

47
Q

Capsular pattern of the 1st cmc jt

48
Q

Closed packed position of cmc jts 2-5

A

Full flexion

49
Q

Open packed position of cmc jts 2-5

A

Mid flex/ext

50
Q

Osteokinematics of metacarpophalangeal jt

A

Flex/ext
Abd/add
Circumduction (accessory motion)

51
Q

Convex-concave relationship in mcp jts

A

Concave surface of phalanx moving on convex metacarpal head

52
Q

Arthrokinematics of flexion at the mcp jts

A

Anterior roll and glide

53
Q

Arthrokinematics of extension at the mcp jts

A

Posterior roll and glide

54
Q

Arthrokinematics of abd at the mcp jts

A

Roll and glide away from the 3rd digit

55
Q

Arthrokinematics of add at the mcp jts

A

Roll and glide toward the 3rd digit

56
Q

Closed packed position at the mcp jt

A

Full flexion

57
Q

Open packed position of the mcp jts

A

Slight flexion

58
Q

Capsular pattern of the mcp jts

A

Flexion=extension

59
Q

Interphalangeal jts are what type of jt

60
Q

Mcp jts are what type of jts

61
Q

Convex-concave relationship in the interphalangeal jts

A

Concave on convex

62
Q

Arthrokinematics of flexion at IP jts

A

Roll palmar glide palmar

63
Q

Arthrokinematics of extension at IP jts

A

Roll dorsal, slide dorsal

64
Q

Closed packed position of IP jt

65
Q

Open packed position of IP jts

A

Slight flex

66
Q

Capsular pattern of IP jt

A

Flexion= ext

67
Q

The fibrous digital sheath embeds ____________. What does this do?

A

Flexor pulleys

Prevents bowstringing of the tendons with contraction of extrinsic finger flexors

68
Q

Bowstringing of flexor tendons can be observed in some elite rock climbers due to

A

Overstretching or severing of pullys

69
Q

What occurs secondary to tenosynovitis, does not impact gliding action, and may develop a nodule with prolonged tenosynovitis which can wedge into the sheath and block movement?

A

Trigger finger

70
Q

How do the extensor tendons differ from flexor tendons

A

Distal to the wrist they lack a digital sheath or pulley system and tendons become integrated into fibrous expansion

71
Q

The most prominent feature of the extensor mechanism is the ______________. What does this do?

A

Dorsal hood
Stabilizes ED tendon, form sling that assists ED to extend MCP jt
Transfers force from lumbricals/interossei to lateral bands to assist with DIP/PIP extension

Kinesiology (18 decks)

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