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Kinesiology > Intro To Kines > Flashcards

Intro To Kines Flashcards

1
Q

Osteokinematics and Arthrokinematics are concepts related to…

A

Kinematics

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2
Q

Force, mass, inertia, weight, pressure, moment of force, and momentum are all concepts relating to…

A

Kinetics

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3
Q

Kinetics describe

A

Causes of movement

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4
Q

Kinematics describe…

A

Motion without considering cause

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5
Q

Displacement, acceleration, and velocity are concepts related to…

A

Kinematics

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6
Q

What is the difference between linear and angular motion

A

Linear- all parts of a rigid body move parallel and in the same direction

Angular- all parts move around some pivot point

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7
Q

Osteokinematics describe

A

Motion of one relative to 3 cardinal planes

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8
Q

Describe the 3 cardinal planes

A

Sagittal divides into R & L
Frontal divides anterior and posterior
Horizontal divides into upper and lower

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9
Q

Movement in the sagittal plane moves around what axis

A

M/L

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10
Q

Movement in frontal plane moves around what axis

A

Anterior/Posterior

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11
Q

Movement in transverse plane moves around what axis

A

Vertical

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12
Q

How many degrees of freedom does the hip have and why?

A

3 because it is a triaxial joint

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13
Q

How many degrees of freedom does the knee have and why?

A

2, it’s a biaxial joint (flex/ext and tibial rotation)

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14
Q

How many degrees of freedom do the interphalangeal joints of fingers have and why?

A

1, it’s a uniaxial joint (flex/ext)

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15
Q

Describing the kinetic chain of a movement describes what concept of Kinematics?

A

Osteokinematics

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16
Q

A back squat is an example of a closed or open kinetic chain? Why?

A

Closed

Distal segment is fixed, proximal is moving

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17
Q

Bicep curl is an example of a closed or open kinetic chain? Why?

A

Open

Distal segment is moving proximal segment is fixed

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18
Q

Describing the motion occurring between joint surfaces is describing the …..

A

Arthrokinematics

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19
Q

Benefits of a convex-concave relationship include…

A

Improve joint congruency
Increases surface area for dissipating contact forces
Helps guide motion between bones

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20
Q

Roll, spin, and glide describe

A

Arthrokinematics

21
Q

What is joint play and why is it assessed

A

Accessory motion, determines health of the joint

22
Q

Roll without glide in the shoulder results in ___ _____ of the humeral head. This can cause ___

A

Superior migration

Impingement

23
Q

Describe the Arthrokinematics of pronation

A

Concave radius spins on convex capitulum of humerus

24
Q

What is determined by the convex-concave rule? Describe the rule

A

Glide (Roll and spin are usually the same as the Osteokinematics)

Convex-concave= glide is in opposite direction
Concave-convex= glide is in the same direction
25
Q

Loose vs closed packed is descriptor of kinetics or Kinematics

A

Kinematics

26
Q

The position where a joint has max congruence and min accessory movement is called what? Where is it usually found?

A

Closed packed

Toward end range whee ligaments and capsule are taunt and the joint is stable

27
Q

The position where the joint is least congruent and accessory motion is maximal is called what? Where can it be found

A

Loose-packed

Near midrange where ligaments and capsule are on slack

28
Q

Why do we need to know closed and loose packed positions?

A

To show the vulnerability of a joint and assess accessory motion

29
Q

How does joint position influence manual therapy techniques?

A

Performing manipulation in a loose packed position by allowing more space for movement

30
Q

A push or pull that produces, arrests or modifies movement describes

A

Force

31
Q

Why might a muscle not be able to resist force?

A

Weakness caused by:

Trauma
Disease
Prolonged disuse

32
Q

Types of force/load applied to the MSK system

A 
Tension
Compression
Bending
Shear
Torsion
Combined loading
33
Q

The toe region in the stress-strain curve shows us what?

A

That an area must be drawn taut before tension can be measured

34
Q

When slack is taken off of a tissue, stress and strain have what relationship?

A

Linear

35
Q

What is the difference between the elastic and plastic regions of the stress-strain curve?

A

When in the elastic region, tissue will return to original length after being stretched.

When in the plastic region, tissue undergo physiological changes in response to being stretched.

36
Q

Tissues with high velocity have

A

High resistance to deformation

37
Q

Increase viscosity implies _________ elasticity

A

Increased

38
Q

Viscoelasticity is dependent on

A

Time and rate

39
Q

Progressive strain of a material when exposed to a constant load over time is called

A

Creep

40
Q

Rapidly applied loads have what effect of viscosity

A

Increased

41
Q

3 dominant forces involved in MSK levers

A

Force produced by muscle
Gravity
Physical contact with the environment

42
Q

What determines the type of lever

A

The axis in relation to force and resistance

43
Q

Describe a first class lever

A

Axis of rotation is between the opposing forces
F_____________________R
A

44
Q

Describe a second class lever

A

Resistance is between axis and force
________________R______F
A.

45
Q

Describe a 3rd class lever

A

Force is between axis and resistance
____________F_____R
A

46
Q

What is the most common lever in the human body

A

3rd class

47
Q

Mechanical advantage

A

Ratio of internal moment arm to external moment arm

Describes the amount of internal force needed to overcome the resistance of the external load

48
Q

When mechanical advantage is greater than 1, is more or less internal force needed to overcome the external force. Where can this be found?

A

Smaller internal force can defeat a larger external force

2nd class levers

49
Q

When mechanical advantage is less than one, is the amount of internal force required smaller or larger than the external force? Where can this be found?

A

More internal force is required to overcome external force

3rd class lever

Kinesiology (18 decks)

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