Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Large Animal Surgery > Wound Healing > Flashcards

Wound Healing Flashcards

1
Q

What is the number 1 thing to do in wound healing?

A

Stabilize the patient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are 3 common ways to control bleeding?

A

Bandage Clamp Ligate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the protocol for tetanus prophylaxis?

A

If vaccination hx: Tetanus toxoid If no vaccination hx: Tetanus toxoid AND Tetanus antitoxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Why is sedation and a local block preferred in large animal?

A

Because GA is risky

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the most commonly isolated bacteria in horses?

A

Strep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What NSAIDs do we not use in bovine, and why?

A

Phenylbutazone and aminoglycosides because they have a long residual.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the two common NSAIDs used in equine medicine?

A

Phenylbutazone and Banamine (Flunixin megalumine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a clean wound?

A

Sterile incision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a clean/contaminated wound?

A

Surgical wound where hollow viscous is opened, but no contents spill out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a contaminated wound?

A

Opened hollow viscous with gross spillage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is an infected wound?

A

Has pus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the “golden period”?

A

Time after wound occurs where it can be closed with first intention.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How long is the golden period?

A

4-6 hours post injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is healing by primary intention?

A

Healing without fibroplasia (no scar) via suturing the wound.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why do we give thiamine post-op?

A

To prevent polioencephalomalacia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are 3 major downsides to abx if they’re not needed?

A

Resistance, Cost, Kidney failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is a good suture patter for equine skin?

A

Vertical mattress because there is lots of tension.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

When handling a wound, what are the first three steps (AFTER stabilizing the patient)?

A

Pack the wound Clip the area Lavage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

When does debridement by the animal occur?

A

6 hours after wounding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is delayed primary intention healing?

A

Delayed closure of a contaminated wound. Wound is left open until infection is under control, and then closure after 2-3 days (BEFORE fibroplasia begins)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is second intention healing?

A

Wound heals via fibroplasia, contraction and epithelialization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What type of skin heals slower?

A

Tight skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the goal of second intention healing?

A

To provide an optimal environment for wound healing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are 2 ways we can stimulate granulation tissue?

A

Hydrotherapy (using a hose) Moist and irritant dressings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What 4 things does cold hydrotherapy cause?

A

Vasoconstriction Decreased metabolism Cutaneous anesthesia Cell death

26
Q

What 3 things can heat hydrotherapy cause?

A

Vasodilation Increased metabolism Decreased pain

27
Q

What are 4 inhibitors of granulation tissue?

A

Pressure Dry dressing Corticosteroid cream Caustic agents

28
Q

What is the period of fibroplasia?

A

Days 4-16

29
Q

What is wound contraction?

A

Wound edges pulled closer together to facilitate closure.

30
Q

How long is the lag period in wound contraction?

A

Up to 9 days

31
Q

What are 3 steps of epithelialization?

A

Mobilization Migration Mitosis

32
Q

How is wound closure completed when healing by second intention?

A

Closure completed by epithelialization ONLY once contraction has stopped.

33
Q

What are two differences between large and small animal wound healing?

A

Exuberant granulation tissue (pretty much only in equine) Slow healing on distal limbs

34
Q

What causes exuberant granulation tissue/proud flesh?

A

Slow contraction and epithelialization dont cover the granulation tissue fast enough to stop it.

35
Q

What are 3 major problems with proud flesh?

A

Cosmetically unappealing Can be heavy and cause lameness Bleed a lot if they get hit (very vascular)

36
Q

What are the only two mammals to develop proudflesh?

A

Humans and equines

37
Q

What promotes the formation of exuberant granulation tissue?

A

Treatment which arrests wound contraction and epithelialization

38
Q

What is the number one reason to do skin grafting in large animals?

A

Proud flesh

39
Q

How do you figure out blood volume of a horse?

A

8%BW (kgs) = blood volume in liters

40
Q

Why must you thoroughly examine a heel bulb laceration?

A

Because you need to know if there is joint involvement.

41
Q

What are 2 ways you can assess if there is joint involvement with a heel bulb laceration?

A

Arthrocentesis to look for WBCs and bacteria Inject saline, will either leak out (bad) or will not be able to put much in (good).

42
Q

What is the prognosis with a heel bulb laceration?

A

If only skin and SQ, good prognosis If joint involved, guarded to poor

43
Q

What is third intention wound healing?

A

You undermine the skin around the wound and then suture it closed.

44
Q

What is the difference between delayed primary and third intention closure?

A

Third intention has fibroplasia

45
Q

What is the purpose of a skin graft?

A

To provide dermal coverage and to stimulate epithelial edges of the wound to minimize risk of proud flesh.

46
Q

What is a split thickness graft?

A

Portion of the dermis

47
Q

What is a full thickness graft?

A

Epidermis plus dermis

48
Q

What thickness of graft is ideal to use in a horse?

A

Full thickness (best cosmetic and hair growth)

49
Q

What is a disadvantage of skin grafts on a horse?

A

Not a lot of donor skin.

50
Q

What is a free graft?

A

No blood supply **Used in equine

51
Q

What are 3 advantages of doing a pinch/punch graft?

A

Can do standing Equipment and skills are minimal Complete graft failure is rare

52
Q

What is a disadvantage of a pinch/punch graft?

A

Scat hair growth (cosmetic)

53
Q

What is a disadvantage of a sheet graft?

A

Must be done in a surgical theater with GA

54
Q

What are the 3 donor sites for a pinch/punch graft?

A

Neck Ventral abdomen Pectoral region

55
Q

What are 3 advantages of doing a mesh graft?

A

Small amount of skin can cover a larger surface Can cover awkward areas Allows for better drainage to prevent seromas/hematomas

56
Q

What procedure is this?

A

Punch graft

57
Q

What is going on here?

A

Punch graft

58
Q

What is going on here and what equipment is being used?

A

Meshing with a dermatome.

59
Q

What are 3 ways you can evaluate intenstinal viability in a case of eviceration?

A

Colour

Spontaneous motility

Thickness

60
Q

What are 3 ancillary methods for determining intestinal viability in a case of evisceration? (6 total)

A

Fluorescein dye

Doppler

Ultrasound

Thermography

Histology

Surface oximetry

61
Q

How much of the small intestine can be resected?

A

50%

Large Animal Surgery (30 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions