Cryptorchidism and Complications Flashcards
What structure shortens to help pull the testis into the scrotum?
The gubernaculum
At roughly what age do the testis finally reside in the scrotum?
1-2 weeks of age.
What are 4 lay terms for cryptorchidism?
Rig
Ridgling
Original
High flanker
What are two negative side-effects of cryptorchidism in the horse?
Reduced sperm production
Aggressive behaviour
What are the 3 forms of cryptorchidism?
Inguinal
Abdominal
Incomplete abdominal
Is there a side that most typically gets retained?
Yes, left side
What are 4 possible causes of cryptochidism?
Improper fxn of gubernaculum
Inguinal ring too small
Hormone imbalance (not enough estrogen)
Hereditary
Where does each testicle tend to get stuck?
Left = abdominal Right = inguinal
What are 4 ways you can diagnose cryptorchidism?
Palpation
Ultrasound
Laparoscopy
Hormonal assay
What are 4 more mild complications of castration?
Swelling
Hemorrhage (can be severe)
Scirrhous cord formation
Hydrocele
What are 2 more serious complications of castration?
Evisceration
Peritonitis
What are 3 less common complications of castration?
Iatrogenic penile trauma
Penile paralysis
Anesthetic accidents
What signs would you expect if you have intraabdominal hemorrhage?
Pale MM
Pulses increased
What are 3 causes of scirrhous cord formation?
Foreign body (nonabsorbable suture used)
Poor technique/inadequate exercise and drainage
Champignon
What is Champignon?
A strep infection
What is a hydrocele?
Fluid-filled, painless swelling
If just omentum prolapses, what do you do?
You can just cut it off.
What are 2 causes of continued masculine behaviour?
Retention of epididymal tissue
Psychic (old age at castration)
What is the lay term for retention of epididymal tissue?
Proud cut
What is the lay term for a horse with continued masculine behaviour that was castrated at an older age?
False rig
What is meant by a “client complication”?
Do not perform a castration against the suggested time requested by the owner (full moons etc.)
How long after castration can horses be fertile for?
Up to 3 weeks
