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Large Animal Surgery > Arthrodesis of the Proximal Interphalangeal Joint > Flashcards

Arthrodesis of the Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Flashcards

1
Q

Proximal interphalangeal osteoarthritis is also know as what?

A

High ringbone

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2
Q

“High ring bone” is located in what joint?

A

Pastern joint or proximal interphalangeal joint

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3
Q

“Low ring bone” is located in what joint?

A

Coffin joint or distal interphalangeal joint

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4
Q

What type of fracture extends into both proximal and distal joint spaces?

A

Bi-articular fracture

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5
Q

What is the most common form of medical treatment for osteoarthritis of the proximal interphalangeal joint?

A

Phenylbutazone and rest

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6
Q

What is important to remember when evaluating radiographs?

A

Don’t just treat the radiographs.

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7
Q

What are 4 possible indications for pastern arthrodesis?

A
  • High ring bone
  • Luxation of the pastern
  • Fracture second phalanx
  • Septic arthritis of the pastern
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8
Q

What are the 2 main principles of PIP arthrodesis?

A
  • Removal of all articular cartilage

- Maintenance of rigid stability in the joint

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9
Q

What are 3 types of surgical techniques that can be used for pastern arthrodesis?

A
  • Trans-articular lag screws
  • Dorsal plate (DCP or LCP)
  • Combo of trans-articular lag screw and dorsal plate
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10
Q

What is the currently preferred incision technique for arthrodesis?

A

Inverted “T” Incision

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11
Q

What tendon is exposed when using an inverted “T” incision for a PIP arthrodesis?

A

Common digital extensor tendon

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12
Q

What are 3 things that need to be transected once through the skin and SQ for PIP joint arthrodesis?

A
  • Joint capsule
  • Medial collateral ligaments
  • Lateral collateral ligaments
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13
Q

What needs to be removed with PIP joint arthrodesis?

A

Cartilage

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14
Q

Surgical puncturing of a bone is known as what?

A

Osteostixis

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15
Q

What size drill bit is used with PIP joint arthrodesis?

A

2.5 mm drill bit

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16
Q

What position should the hoof and leg be placed in for PIP joint arthrodesis?

A

Extend foot and put pastern joint in normal position.

17
Q

What type of plate is used for PIP joint arthrodesis?

Where is it placed?

A
  • Contour plate

- Place plate on dorsal surface axially

18
Q

How many holes are drilled for PIP joint arthrodesis?

Where are they placed?

A
  • 3

- 2 holes in P1, 1 hole in P2

19
Q

How many screws are placed for PIP joint arthrodesis?

Where?

A
  • 2 screws

- Proximal and distal

20
Q

What are 5 steps to placing a screw for PIP joint arthrodesis?

A
  • Enter joint 1/2 between dorsal and palmar cortices
  • Drill glide hole in P1 with 5.5 mm bit
  • Drill thread hole in P2 with 4.0 mm bit
  • Countersink
  • Tap
21
Q

When using a gliding hole with a 4.5 cortex lag screw, what size does the hole need to be?

A

4.5 mm

22
Q

When using a gliding hole with a 5.5 cortex lag screw, what size does the hole need to be?

A

5.5 mm

23
Q

When using a thread hole with a 4.5 cortex lag screw, what size does the hole need to be?

A

3.2 mm

24
Q

When using a thread hole with a 5.5 cortex lag screw, what size does the hole need to be?

A

4.0 mm

25
Q

When using a screw tap with a 4.5 cortex lag screw, what size does the hole need to be?

A

4.5 mm

26
Q

When using a screw tap with a 5.5 cortex lag screw, what size does the hole need to be?

A

5.5 mm

27
Q

When should radiographs be take with PIP joint arthrodesis?

A

Intra-op and post-op

28
Q

Why is it good to do radiographs during and after surgery?

A

Good to do while horse is still under general anesthesia so you don’t have to put them under again.

29
Q

When using arthrodesis to treat severe osteoarthritis, 2 or 3 lag screws are placed across the pastern joint engaging as much of what bone as possible?

A

Middle phalanx

30
Q

What is usually placed over the limb after a PIP joint arthrodesis?

A

Distal limb cast

31
Q

Plate application with PIP joint arthrodesis causes an increase in what?

A

Stability

32
Q

What is the success rate for pastern arthrodesis in the forelimb?

A

81%

33
Q

What is the success rate for pastern arthrodesis in the hindlimb?

A

95%

Large Animal Surgery (30 decks)

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