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Maternal/Neonatal > Women's Health Drugs > Flashcards

Women's Health Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Estrogens are responsible for…

A

Development and maintenance of the female reproductive system

Development of female secondary sex characteristics

Shaping of body contours and development of the skeleton

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2
Q

Indications for Estrogens

A

Treatment of

Atrophic vaginitis
Hypogonadism
Oral contraception
Uterine bleeding
Vasomotor spasms of menopause
Osteoporosis
Breast or prostate cancer
Ovarian failure or castration
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3
Q

Contraindications for Estrogens

A 
Drug allergy
Any estrogen-dependent cancer
Undiagnosed abnormal vaginal bleeding
Pregnancy
Active thromboembolic disorder
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4
Q

Adverse Effects of Estrogens

A

THROMBOEMBOLYTIC EVENTS (MOST SERIOUS)

HYPERTENSION, THROMBOPHELBITIS

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5
Q

Progestins

A

MEDROXYPROGESTERONE (PROVERA, DEPOPROVERA)

MEGESTROL (MEGACE)

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6
Q

Indications for Progestins

A

Treatment of functional uterine bleeding caused by hormonal imbalance, fibroids, uterine cancer

Treatment of primary and secondary amenorrhea

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7
Q

Indications for Progestins

A

Alone or in combination with estrogens to prevent conception

Prevention of threatened miscarriage

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8
Q

Adverse Effects of Progestins

A

Liver dysfunction

Thrombophlebitis

Nausea, vomiting

Amenorrhea, spotting

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9
Q

Medroxyprogesterone

A

Used to treat uterine bleeding, secondary amenorrhea, endometrial cancer, renal cancer

Antineoplastic action against endometrial cancer

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10
Q

Mechanism of Action of Contraceptive Drugs

A

Prevent ovulation by inhibiting the release of gonadotropins and increasing uterine mucus viscosity, resulting in decreased sperm movement and possible inhibition of implantation of a zygote

Improves menstrual cycle regularity

Decreases blood loss during menstruation

Decreases incidence of functional ovarian cysts and ectopic pregnancies

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11
Q

Adverse Effects of Contraceptive Drugs

A

Hypertension
Thromboembolism, PE, MI
Alterations in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism
Increases in serum hormone concentrations

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12
Q

Contraindications of Contraceptive Drugs

A

Pregnancy

Known high risk for or history of thromboembolic events such as MI, venous thrombosis, PE, or stroke

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13
Q

Risk Factors for Osteoporosis

A

Slender body build

Early estrogen deficiency

Smoking

Alcohol consumption

Low calcium diet

Sedentary lifestyle

Family history

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14
Q

Drug Therapy for Osteoporosis

A

BIPHOSPHONATES (ALENDRONATE [FOSAMAX])

SELECTIVE ESTROGEN RECEPTOR MODIFIERS (SERMS) (RALOXIFENE, TAMOXIFEN)

HORMONES (CALCITONIN)

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15
Q

Biphosphonates

A

Work by inhibiting osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, which enhances bone mineral density

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16
Q

Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators

A

Stimulate estrogen receptors on bone and increase bone density

17
Q

Adverse Effects of SERMs

A

HOT FLASHES, LEG CRAMPS

INCREASED RISK OF VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM

18
Q

Adverse Effects of Biphosphonates

A

GI UPSET, JOINT PAIN

RISK OF ESOPHAGEAL BURNS

19
Q

Alendronate (Fosamax)

A

Oral biphosphonate

Inhibits or reverses osteoclast-mediated bone resorption

20
Q

Raloxifene

A

SERM

Used to prevent postmenopausal osteoporosis

Adverse effect is hot flashes

21
Q

Adverse Effects of Fertility Drugs

A

Tachycardia, hypovolemia, DVT

Dizziness, headache, flushing, depression, restlessness, anxiety, nervousness, fatigue

Nausea, bloating, constipation

22
Q

Uterine Stimulants

A

Also called oxytocics

Prostaglandins

Ergot derivatives

23
Q

Prostaglandins

A

Natural hormones

Used to induce labor by softening the cervix and enhancing uterine muscle tone

Misoprostol (Cytotec)

24
Q

Ergot Alkaloids

A

Increase force and frequency of uterine contractions

Used after delivery of the infant and placenta to prevent postpartum uterine atony ad hemorrhage

Methylergonovine (Methergine)

25
Q

Adverse Effects of Uterine Stimulants

A

Hypotension or hypertension, chest pain

Headache, dizziness, fainting

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

Vaginitis, vaginal pain, cramping

26
Q

Tocolytics

A

Uterine relaxants

27
Q

Indomethacin

A

NSAID

Inhibits prostaglandin activity

28
Q

Nifedipine

A

Calcium channel blocker

Inhibits myometrial activity by blocking calcium influx

29
Q

Estrogens and Progestins Nursing Implications

A

Take the smallest dose needed

Give IM doses deep in large muscle masses and rotate sites

Give oral doses with meals to reduce GI problems

Increased susceptibility to sunburn may occur

Instruct patients to report weight gain

30
Q

Bisphosphonates Nursing Implications

A

Instruct patients to take medication upon rising in the morning with a full glass of water

Sit upright for at least 30 minutes after taking the medication

31
Q

Nursing Implications for SERMs

A

Instruct patients that the medication will need to be discontinued 72 hours before and during any prolonged immobility

Maternal/Neonatal (28 decks)

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