Chapter 28 Flashcards
Maternal Blood Loss Increases Risk for…
Hypovolemia Anemia Infection Preterm labor Impaired oxygen delivery to the fetus
Fetal Risks from Maternal Hemorrhage
Blood loss, anemia Hypoxemia Hypoxia Anoxia Preterm birth
MISCARRIAGE
A PREGNANCY THAT ENDS AS A RESULT OF NATURAL CAUSES BEFORE 20 WEEKS GESTATION
Threatened, Inevitable, Incomplete, Complete, Missed, Recurrent
Initial Care of Miscarriage
Depends on the classification of the miscarriage and on signs and symptoms
Expectant management
Medical management: MISOPROSTOL (CYTOTEC)
Surgical management: DILATION AND CURETTAGE (D&C)
Care Management of Cervical Insufficiency
CERCIAGE: may be placed either prophylactically or as a therapeutic or rescue procedure after cervical change has been identified
REMOVED BY 36 WEEKS OF GESTATION
Diagnosis of Cervical Insufficiency
Speculum/digital pelvic exams, transvaginal ultrasound
Cervical funneling
Ectopic Pregnancy
The fertilized ovum is implanted outside the uterine cavity
Typically s/s occur 6-8 WEEKS AFTER THE LAST NORMAL MENSTRUAL PERIOD
Classic symptoms include abdominal pain, delayed menses, abnormal vaginal bleeding
Diagnosis of Ectopic Pregnancy
Quantitative beta-hCG levels and transvaginal ultrasound examination
Progesterone levels
Hydatidiform Mole (Molar Pregnancy)
Benign proliferative growth of the placental trophoblast in which the chorionic villi develop into edematous, cystic, avascular transparent vesicles that hang in a grapelike cluster
Clinical Manifestations of Molar Pregnancy
Anemia from blood loss, excessive nausea and vomiting, and abdominal cramps
Diagnosed via ultrasound and serum hCG levels
Placenta Previa Clinical Manifestations
PAINLESS BRIGHT RED VAGINAL BLEEDING DURING SECOND OR THIRD TRIMESTER
Major complication is hemorrhage
Abruptio Placentae
Detachment of part or all of placenta from implantation site after 20 weeks of gestation
MATERNAL HYPERTENSION IS A PRIMARY RISK FACTOR
VAGINAL BLEEDING, ABDOMINAL PAIN, AND UTERINE TENDERNESS AND CONTRACTIONS
BOARDLIKE ABDOMEN, COUVELAIRE UTERUS
Vasa Previa
Fetal vessels lie over the cervical os, and the vessels are implanted into the fetal membranes rather than into the placenta
