WK 4: Behaviourism and learning Flashcards
What does behaviourism look at?
Observable changes in behaviour
What is an unconditioned stimulus?
Something that makes you react naturally
What is an unconditioned response
Your natural reaction to something
What is a neutral stimulus?
Something that doesnt make you react at first
What is a conditioned stimulus?
Something that makes you react because its been associated with something else
What is a conditioned response?
Your learned reaction to something
What is contiguity?
An association of 2 events because of a repeated pairing
Stimulus occurs -> response follows
What is classical conditioning?
Neutral stimulus, via repeated pairing with an unconditioned stimulus, develops the capacity to elicit a conditioned response independently.
Pavlovs dog
- salivate when fed -> associate food being being fed -> salivate when food was coming (footsteps)
What does classical conditioning require?
A reflex(involuntary behaviour) which is caused by an environmental event
What is operant conditioning?
Behaviour is strengthened or weakened by consequences
What is Positive reinforcement ?
Adding a pleasant stimulus to increase or maintain behaviour
What is Negative reinforcement?
Removing an averse stimulus to increase or maintain behaviour
What is Positive punishment?
Adding an aversive stimulus to decrease behaviour
What is Negative punishment?
Removing a pleasant stimulus to decrease behaviour
