What is Diabetes? Flashcards
This flashcard deck was created using Flashcardlet's card creator
4 main characteristics of Type 2 diabetes
Insulin resistant
Beta cells’ inability to produce enough insulin
Typically develops in Pts over 40
Treated with OADs - may require inulin treatment
3 main characteristics of Type 1 diabetes
- Due to beta cell destruction (no insulin)
- usually effect patients before age 40
- depends in insulin treatment for survival
Plasma glucose levels higher than normal (110-126) but lower than those considered diagnostic for diabetes mellitus
Prediabetes
3 similarities in Type 1 and 2 diabetes
- high blood glucose
- abnormal lipid cells
- long-term complications
What are the two long-term complications for type 1 and 2 diabetes?
Microvascular complications
Macrovascular complications
What does Microvascular complications effect?
Small blood vessels
What do Macrovascular complications affect?
Large blood vessels
Age of onset for type 1 diabetes
Usually under 40
Age of onset for type 2 diabetes
Usually over 40
Peak age for type 1 diabetes
10-14 years
Peak age for type 2 diabetes
60-70 years
Body weight for type 1 diabetes
Usually thin
Body weight for type 2 diabetes
Usually overweight
Characteristic of symptoms for type 1 diabetes
Acute onset
Characteristic of symptoms for type 2 diabetes
Gradual onset
Cause of type 1 diabetes
Autoimmune beta cell destruction
Cause of type 2 diabetes
Decreased insulin secretion and/or decreased insulin sensitivity
Insulin therapy for type 1 diabetes
Mandatory
Insulin therapy for type 2 diabetes
May be required
Prevalence in type 1 diabetes
10% of cases
Prevalence in type 2 diabetes
90% of cases
Where is glucose produced and delivered as glycogen?
Liver
Where can glucose be also stored?
As fat in adipose tissue
Symptoms of hyperglycemia
Weakness Malaise Visual changes Polyuria Polydipsia (thirst) Polyphagia (hunger) Weigh loss
What lowers blood glucose levels?
Insulin
Accredits
Moderate alcohol intake
What increases blood glucose levels
Food intake
Stress
