Antivirals Flashcards
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What are the general signs and symptoms of viruses? (will be on exam)
Headache, fever, cough
NVD
Fatigue, muscular pain
What is the method of transmission for viruses?
Coughing, sneezing
What are influenza virus vaccine composed of?
Eggs
What do you need ask the patient before giving influenza virus vaccine?
If they are allergic to eggs
What antiviral medications are given for just Influenza A?
Amantidine (Symmetrel)
Rimantadine (Flumadine)
What is needed for Influenza A and B?
Neuraminidase inhibitors
What antiviral meds are used against Influenza A and B?
Zanamivir (Relenza)
Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
How does Ostamivir (Tamiflu) work?
Inhibits viral replication if given within 24 hours of symptoms
What antiviral contains antibodies and protects 2-3 weeks, repeated?
Gamma Globulin
Why Gamma globulin given IM to provide?
Passive immunity
Why Gamma globulin given IV?
For immediate immunity
What are Topical non-HIV antivirals used to treat?
Herpes simplex virus
What is an example of Topical non-HIV antiviral?
Idoxuridine (Herplex Liquifilm)
What is the action of Purine Nucleosides?
Interferes with viral DNA synthesis
Effective against various herpes viruses
What Purine Nucleosides treats herpes simplex, herpes zoster, varicella-zoster virus, CMV?
Acyclovir (Zovirax)
What blood levels need to be watched when giving Purine Nucleosides?
BUN, Creatinine, GFR labs
What are the nursing interventions for Acyclovir (Zovirax)?
Administer IV over 60 minutes
Monitor CBC, renal, liver test, urine output, BP, superinfections
What do you need to teach patient when giving Acyclovir (Zovirax)?
Increase fluid intake for toxicity
Practice abstinence or use condoms
Protozoan disease
Malaria
What happens in the tissue phase of malaria?
No symptoms
What happens in the erythrocytic phase of malaria?
Fever, chills, sweating, flulike symptoms
What are antimalarial drugs?
Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil), Quinine (Quinamm), Mefloquine (Lariam)
What is Plaquenil also used for?
Lupus
When do you treat malaria prophylactically?
When leaving the country
What are some important SE of Plaquenil?
GI distress, mental changes, blurred vision, and blood dyscrasias
What is the main SE of Quinine?
GI distress and eighth cranial nerve damage
What are the nursing interventions with antimalarials?
Kidney and liver function, take with meals, report vision or hearing changes
Parasitic worm
Helminth
How long do you give an antihelmintic?
1-3 days
What is the main SE of an anhelmintic?
GI upset
What the nursing interventions with an antihelmintic?
Take after meals, good hygiene, warn against driving
What is a SE of prolonged acyclovir use?
Gingival hyperplasia
