Immunity for Patho Flashcards
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Which lymphatic system part creates B cells?
Bone marrow
Which immune organ are the main developer of T cells?
Thymus
What is the #1 way to prevent infection?
Washing hands
What is the first line of defense?
Intact skin
How does mucus help protect the body?
Keeps body from trying out
What does mucus do to microbes?
Traps them
What enzyme do sweat, tears, and saliva contain?
Lysozyme
What does lysozyme do?
Breaks down the cell wall of some bacteria
What happens if microbes pass skin and secretions?
Phagocytosis
Leukocyte that ingests and destroys pathogens by engulfing them
Phagocyte
Giant scavengers or big eaters that develop from monocytes
Macrophage
Dead WBCs that are left from phagocytosis create what?
Pus
Reaction to any type of injury to body tissues
Inflammation
What are the four symptoms of inflammation?
Redness, swelling, pain, heat
What causes inflammation?
A release of histamines
Group of proteins that attach to pathogens and damage their plasma membrane and attract phagocytes
Complement proteins
Where do viruses replicate?
In cells
Can phagocytes destroy viruses?
No
Protect human cells from viruses
Interferons
Where are interferons produced?
Body cells infected by the virus and then they spread to uninfected cells
Produce antiviral proteins that disrupt viral replication
Interferons
The body recognizes a specific pathogen
Immunity
What has the job of immunity?
The lymphatic system
What are the 3 main functions of the lymphatic system?
Maintain homeostasis, absorbs fat, and defends against disease
Traps foreign particles for filtration
Lymph
Tissue fluid that enters lymphatic vessels
Lymph
What color is lymph before infection?
Colorless
What happens to color of lymph when infected?
It changes colors
What must happen to lymph before it returns to the blood?
Must be filtered
Fight bacteria and other harmful material that enter your nose and mouth
Tongue and tonsils
Small tissue mass that holds lymphocytes and filters lymph
Lymph node
Detects and responds to foreign substances in the blood
Liver and spleen
What do the liver and spleen filter?
Blood cells
When a foreign antigen gets in the body what does it cause the production of?
Antibodies
What do antibodies do?
Fight of future infections
What produces antibodies?
B cells
Where lymphocytes mature and develop into cells that fight specific pathogens
Thymus
What happens to the thymus after puberty?
Gradually decreases in size
Continually circulate through blood looking for the presence of past infections
B cells
Inject viral or bacterial protein into the body to mount up an immune response
Vaccination and immunizations
Overreaction of the immune system
Allergy
Immune system disorder 1
Allergy
Immune system disorder 2
Autoimmune disease
Makes a mistake and attacks the body’s own cells
Autoimmune disease
Autoimmune disease that attacks insulin producing cells
Type 1 diabetes
Autoimmune disease that attacks connective tissue in joints
Rheumatoid arthritis
Autoimmune disease that attacks neuromuscular junctions
Myasthenia gravis
Autoimmune disease that attacks neurons in the brain and spinal cord
Multiple sclerosis
Immune system fails to develop normally or the immune system is destroyed
Immunodeficiency disease
What does benadryl treat?
Acute and allergic rhinitis and is an antitussive
When should you not give benadryl?
Severe liver disease, narrow angle glaucoma, and urinary retention
What increases CNS depression when taking benadryl?
Alcohol
What is the main SE of benadryl?
Drowsiness
What is the differences between first and second generation antihistamines?
Reduced sedation and fewer anticholinergic effects
What is used for prophylactic and maintenance of chronic asthma?
Leukotriene receptor antagonists
What are examples of leukotriene receptor atagonists?
Accolate and Singulair
