Western-Immune System

Question 1

Hypersensitivity Reaction-Type 1

Answer 1

IgE antibody reaction occurs w/in 15-30 minutes of exposure & sometimes 10-12 hrs after exposure. Anaphylaxis is the most severe type.

Ex. allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, allergic asthma & food allergies.

Question 2

Hypersensitivity Reaction-Type 2

Answer 2

Symptoms emerge w/in few minutes to several hrs after the antibody-antigen binding.

Ex. hemolytic anemia, blood transfusions, many drug allergies (penicillan for one).

Question 3

Hypersensitivity Reaction-Type 3

Answer 3

Reaction is usually 3 to 10 hrs after the immune complex forms.

Ex. SLE, glomerulonephritis, polyarteritis, vasculitis, RA

Question 4

Hypersensitivity Reaction-Type 4

Answer 4

T-cell lymphocytes (mostly T-cells) are also called delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions which usually take days or weeks to manifest.

Ex. rashes like poison ivy, poison oak, bacteria or fungi that the body can’t completely eliminate

Question 5

Immunoglobin-IgM

Answer 5

Synthesized by immature Beta cells, produced after initial contact w/ antigen; does NOT cross the placenta.

Question 6

Immunoglobin-IgG

Answer 6

Most abundant-makes up 75% of antibodies in blood; DOES cross the placenta.

Question 7

Immunoglobin-IgA

Answer 7

Present in mucus membranes, saliva, tears, colostrums (mother’s first milk); does NOT cross the placenta.

Question 8

Immunoglobin-IgE

Answer 8

Associated w/ allergies.

Question 9

Immunoglobin-IgD

Answer 9

Unknown

Question 10

Components of Blood-Platelets

Answer 10

Important in coagulation.

Question 11

Components of Blood-Erythrocytes

Answer 11

Transport of respiratory gases-depend on hemogoblin.

Question 12

Components of Blood-Leukocytes

Answer 12

(WBC) Most important cellular components in the body’s defenses.

Question 13

Components of Blood-Neutrophils

Answer 13

Cellular defense phagocytosis of small pathogenic microorganisms, bacterial infections, inflammation & stress responses.

Question 14

Components of Blood-Eosinophils

Answer 14

Lining of respiratory & digestive tract, parasites & allergins.

Question 15

Components of Blood-Basophils

Answer 15

Contains histamine (anti-inflammatory) and heparin (anticoagulant)

Question 16

Components of Blood-Lymphocytes

Answer 16

Smallest, T’s directly attack infected or cancerous cells, viral infections.

Question 17

Components of Blood-Monocytes

Answer 17

Largest, phagocytosis of large bacterial organisms, chronic viral infections

Question 18

Components of Blood-Macrophages

Answer 18

Large eaters. These are large & long lived. They capture foreign cells, digest & present protein fragments (peptides) from the cells. They present the antigen to T-cells.

Question 19

Immune System-First Line of defense

Answer 19

Skin & mucus membranes

Question 20

Immune System-Second Line of defense

Answer 20

Inflammation

Question 21

Immune System-Third (and last) Line of defense

Answer 21

Immune response

Question 22

Immune System-Lymphocytes

Answer 22

Primary cell for immune response; originates in LV, SP and bone marrow of the fetus.

Question 23

Immune System-T-Lymphocytes

Answer 23

Migrate through the thymus gland to become T-Lymphocytes (cell-mediated immunity). Cells leave the marrow at an early age & travel to the thymus & mature. Recognizes “self & non-self” substances.

Question 24

Immune System-B-Lymphocytes

Answer 24

Mature in bone marrow.

Question 25

Immune System-Lymph Nodes

Answer 25

Filter lymph & phagocytes (eat foreign particles) from harmful bacteria & microorganisms.